Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg

About: Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg is a education organization based out in Halle, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Liquid crystal. The organization has 20232 authors who have published 38773 publications receiving 965004 citations. The organization is also known as: MLU & University of Wittenberg.

Weak Solutions of Abstract Evolutionary Integro-Differential Equations in Hilbert Spaces

Abstract: We prove existence and uniqueness of weak solutions to certain abstract evolutionary integro-differential equations in Hilbert spaces, including evolution equations of fractional order less than 1. Our results apply, e.g., to parabolic partial integro-differential equations in divergence form with merely bounded and measurable coefficients. AMS subject classification: 45N05, 45K05

The Emerging Therapeutic Potential of Histone Methyltransferase and Demethylase Inhibitors

Abstract: Epigenetics is defined as heritable changes to the transcriptome that are independent of changes in the genome. The biochemical modifications that govern epigenetics are DNA methylation and posttranslational histone modifications. Among the histone modifications, acetylation and deacetylation are well characterized, whereas the fields of histone methylation and especially demethylation are still in their infancy. This is particularly true with regard to drug discovery. There is strong evidence that these modifications play an important role in the maintenance of transcription as well as in the development of certain diseases. This article gives an overview of the mechanisms of action of histone methyltransferases and demethylases, their role in the formation of certain diseases, and available inhibitors. Special emphasis is placed on the strategies that led to the first inhibitors which are currently available and the screening approaches that were used in that process.

Human-wildlife coexistence in a changing world.

Abstract: Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) is a key topic in conservation and agricultural research. Decision makers need evidence-based information to design sustainable management plans and policy instruments. However, providing objective decision support can be challenging because realities and perceptions of human-wildlife interactions vary widely between and within rural, urban, and peri-urban areas. Land users who incur costs through wildlife argue that wildlife-related losses should be compensated and that prevention should be subsidized. Supporters of human-wildlife coexistence policies, such as urban-dwelling people, may not face threats to their livelihoods from wildlife. Such spatial heterogeneity in the cost and benefits of living with wildlife is germane in most contemporary societies. This Special Section features contributions on wildlife-induced damages that range from human perspectives (land use, psychology, governance, local attitudes and perceptions, costs and benefits, and HWC and coexistence theory) to ecological perspectives (animal behavior). Building on current literature and articles in this section, we developed a conceptual model to help frame HWC and coexistence dimensions. The framework can be used to determine damage prevention implementation levels and approaches to HWC resolution. Our synthesis revealed that inter- and transdisciplinary approaches and multilevel governance approaches can help stakeholders and institutions implement sustainable management strategies that promote human-wildlife coexistence.

Oral health-related quality of life in Germany.

Abstract: The prevalence of impaired oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Germany is unknown. The aim was to determine the OHRQoL distribution in the population and to derive population-based norms. OHRQoL was measured using the German version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-G, 53 items) which was administered in a personal interview to 2050 subjects (response proportion: 60%) 16-79 yr of age. Subjects were sampled using a multistage sampling technique in a national survey. Prevalence was calculated for any impairment on the item (OHIP answer categories ranging from 'hardly ever' to 'very often') and for frequent problems (categories 'fairly often' and 'very often'). Norms for the OHIP-G summary score (sum of all item responses in the English-language OHIP, range 0-196) were described by percentiles. Past-month prevalence of any impairment in OHRQoL ranged from 13% to 46% across all items. Frequent problems were rare ( /= 5 OHIP-G score points and 10% had >/= 38 points. For subjects with removable dentures the scores were 15 and 60 points, respectively, and for subjects with complete dentures, 23 and 85 points, respectively. The results provide the first overview of impaired OHRQoL in Germany.