Showing papers by "Rio de Janeiro State University published in 2018"
TL;DR: For most cancers, 5-year net survival remains among the highest in the world in the USA and Canada, in Australia and New Zealand, and in Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, while for many cancers, Denmark is closing the survival gap with the other Nordic countries.
2,756 citations
La Salle University1, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul2, University of Western Sydney3, University of New South Wales4, Karolinska Institutet5, Rio de Janeiro State University6, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro7, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health8, King's College London9, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust10
TL;DR: In this paper, the prospective relationship between physical activity and incident depression was examined and potential moderators explored, and a prospective cohort study evaluating incident depression and physical activity was conducted. But the results were limited.
Abstract: Objective:The authors examined the prospective relationship between physical activity and incident depression and explored potential moderators.Method:Prospective cohort studies evaluating incident...
758 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the discriminating variables and the algorithms used for heavy-flavour jet identification during the first years of operation of the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, are presented.
Abstract: Many measurements and searches for physics beyond the standard model at the LHC rely on the efficient identification of heavy-flavour jets, i.e. jets originating from bottom or charm quarks. In this paper, the discriminating variables and the algorithms used for heavy-flavour jet identification during the first years of operation of the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, are presented. Heavy-flavour jet identification algorithms have been improved compared to those used previously at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. For jets with transverse momenta in the range expected in simulated events, these new developments result in an efficiency of 68% for the correct identification of a b jet for a probability of 1% of misidentifying a light-flavour jet. The improvement in relative efficiency at this misidentification probability is about 15%, compared to previous CMS algorithms. In addition, for the first time algorithms have been developed to identify jets containing two b hadrons in Lorentz-boosted event topologies, as well as to tag c jets. The large data sample recorded in 2016 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV has also allowed the development of new methods to measure the efficiency and misidentification probability of heavy-flavour jet identification algorithms. The b jet identification efficiency is measured with a precision of a few per cent at moderate jet transverse momenta (between 30 and 300 GeV) and about 5% at the highest jet transverse momenta (between 500 and 1000 GeV).
454 citations
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene1, University of Groningen2, World Health Organization3, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services4, Statens Serum Institut5, California Department of Public Health6, Rio de Janeiro State University7, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research8, McGill University9, University of Pennsylvania10, Radboud University Nijmegen11, Institut de recherche pour le développement12, University Health Network13, Albert Einstein College of Medicine14, National Institutes of Health15, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention16, University of Colorado Denver17, Centre for Health Protection18, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation19, University of Cape Town20, University of Sydney21, University of Paris22, Médecins Sans Frontières23, University of California, San Francisco24, Emory University25, Brigham and Women's Hospital26, Samsung Medical Center27, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro28, Hofstra University29, New Generation University College30, Karolinska Institutet31, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton32, Sofia Medical University33, Harvard University34, Columbia University35, Cornell University36, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler37, Partners In Health38, University of Ulsan39, University of Sassari40, Queen Mary University of London41, The Chinese University of Hong Kong42
TL;DR: Treatment outcomes were significantly better with use of linezolid, later generation fluoroquinolones, bedaquiline, clofazimine, and carbapenems for treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, and the need for trials to ascertain the optimal combination and duration of these drugs is emphasised.
404 citations
University of Florida1, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation2, University of Western Australia3, Imperial College London4, Lancaster University5, McGill University6, University of São Paulo7, University of Wisconsin-Madison8, Federal University of Pernambuco9, Georgetown University10, Rio de Janeiro State University11, University of Göttingen12, James Cook University13, George Mason University14, Michigan State University15
TL;DR: The authors argue that Fahrig's conclusions are drawn from a narrow and potentially biased subset of available evidence, which ignore much of the observational, experimental and theoretical evidence for negative effects of altered habitat configuration.
366 citations
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Wagner Carvalho4 +2355 more•Institutions (153)
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of the modified system is studied using proton-proton collision data at center-of-mass energy √s=13 TeV, collected at the LHC in 2015 and 2016.
Abstract: The CMS muon detector system, muon reconstruction software, and high-level trigger underwent significant changes in 2013–2014 in preparation for running at higher LHC collision energy and instantaneous luminosity. The performance of the modified system is studied using proton-proton collision data at center-of-mass energy √s=13 TeV, collected at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. The measured performance parameters, including spatial resolution, efficiency, and timing, are found to meet all design specifications and are well reproduced by simulation. Despite the more challenging running conditions, the modified muon system is found to perform as well as, and in many aspects better than, previously. We dedicate this paper to the memory of Prof. Alberto Benvenuti, whose work was fundamental for the CMS muon detector.
303 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a measurement of the H→ττ signal strength is performed using events recorded in proton-proton collisions by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV.
250 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices from a comprehensive point of view and analyze the subject's behavior in the last ten years, through a systematic literature review/bibliometric analysis in articles published from 2006 to 2016.
233 citations
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Wagner Carvalho4 +2283 more•Institutions (140)
TL;DR: These are the first direct limits for N mass above 500 GeV and the first limits obtained at a hadron collider for N masses below 40 Ge V.
Abstract: A search for a heavy neutral lepton N of Majorana nature decaying into a W boson and a charged lepton is performed using the CMS detector at the LHC. The targeted signature consists of three prompt charged leptons in any flavor combination of electrons and muons. The data were collected in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, with an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb^(−1). The search is performed in the N mass range between 1 GeV and 1.2 TeV. The data are found to be consistent with the expected standard model background. Upper limits are set on the values of |V_(eN)|^2and |V_(μN)|^2, where V_(lN) is the matrix element describing the mixing of N with the standard model neutrino of flavor l. These are the first direct limits for N masses above 500 GeV and the first limits obtained at a hadron collider for N masses below 40 GeV.
230 citations
TL;DR: How therapeutic inertia in the management of hyperglycaemia was measured was measured and its extent over the past decade was assessed to assess its extent.
Abstract: Aims
Therapeutic inertia, defined as the failure to initiate or intensify therapy in a timely manner according to evidence-based clinical guidelines, is a key reason for uncontrolled hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. The aims of this systematic review were to identify how therapeutic inertia in the management of hyperglycaemia was measured and to assess its extent over the past decade.
Materials and methods
Systematic searches for articles published from 1 January 2004 to 1 August 2016 were conducted in MEDLINE and Embase. Two researchers independently screened all of the titles and abstracts, and the full texts of publications deemed relevant. Data were extracted by a single researcher using a standardized data extraction form.
Results
The final selection for the review included 53 articles. Measurements used to assess therapeutic inertia varied across studies, making comparisons difficult. Data from low- to middle-income countries were scarce. In most studies, the median time to treatment intensification after a glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement above target was more than 1 year (range 0.3 to >7.2 years). Therapeutic inertia increased as the number of antidiabetic drugs rose and decreased with increasing HbA1c levels. Data were mainly available from Western countries. Diversity of inertia measures precluded meta-analysis.
Conclusions
Therapeutic inertia in the management of hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes is a major concern. This is well documented in Western countries, but corresponding data are urgently needed in low- and middle-income countries, in view of their high prevalence of type 2 diabetes.
212 citations
University of São Paulo1, Rio de Janeiro State University2, Universidade Federal de Goiás3, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul4, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais5, Federal University of São Paulo6, Federal Fluminense University7, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas8, Federal University of Maranhão9, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná10, Universidade Luterana do Brasil11, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul12, Universidade Estadual de Londrina13, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro14, Universidade Federal do Acre15
TL;DR: Parte 1: Diretriz Brasileira de Insuficiencia Cardiaca Cronica Cronica e Aguda.
Abstract: Parte 1: Diretriz Brasileira de Insuficiencia Cardiaca Cronica […] Diretriz Brasileira de Insuficiencia Cardiaca Cronica e Aguda
Karolinska Institutet1, University of Tennessee Health Science Center2, Semmelweis University3, Obafemi Awolowo University4, Rio de Janeiro State University5, St George's Hospital6, Gdańsk Medical University7, University of Parma8, Claude Bernard University Lyon 19, University of Ulsan10, Vanderbilt University11, Veterans Health Administration12, Imperial College Healthcare13, University of California, Irvine14, Taylors University15, Federal Fluminense University16, University of Toronto17, Case Western Reserve University18, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences19, Başkent University20, University of Lausanne21, VU University Amsterdam22, University of Hong Kong23
TL;DR: It is concluded that PEW is a common phenomenon across the spectrum of AKI and CKD, and the well-documented impact of PEW on patient outcomes justifies the need for increased medical attention.
TL;DR: In this article, a low-mass search for resonances decaying into pairs of jets is performed using proton-proton collision data collected at s√=13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 36 fb−1.
Abstract: Searches for resonances decaying into pairs of jets are performed using proton-proton collision data collected at s√=13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 36 fb−1. A low-mass search, for resonances with masses between 0.6 and 1.6 TeV, is performed based on events with dijets reconstructed at the trigger level from calorimeter information. A high-mass search, for resonances with masses above 1.6 TeV, is performed using dijets reconstructed offline with a particle-flow algorithm. The dijet mass spectrum is well described by a smooth parameterization and no evidence for the production of new particles is observed. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are reported on the production cross section for narrow resonances with masses above 0.6 TeV. In the context of specific models, the limits exclude string resonances with masses below 7.7 TeV, scalar diquarks below 7.2 TeV, axigluons and colorons below 6.1 TeV, excited quarks below 6.0 TeV, color-octet scalars below 3.4 TeV, W′ bosons below 3.3 TeV, Z′ bosons below 2.7 TeV, Randall-Sundrum gravitons below 1.8 TeV and in the range 1.9 to 2.5 TeV, and dark matter mediators below 2.6 TeV. The limits on both vector and axial-vector mediators, in a simplified model of interactions between quarks and dark matter particles, are presented as functions of dark matter particle mass and coupling to quarks. Searches are also presented for broad resonances, including for the first time spin-1 resonances with intrinsic widths as large as 30% of the resonance mass. The broad resonance search improves and extends the exclusions of a dark matter mediator to larger values of its mass and coupling to quarks.
TL;DR: A statistical combination of several searches for the electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos is presented in this article, where a targeted analysis requiring three or more charged leptons (electrons or muons) is presented, focusing on the challenging scenario in which the difference in mass between the two least massive neutralino is approximately equal to the mass of the Z boson.
Abstract: A statistical combination of several searches for the electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos is presented. All searches use proton-proton collision data at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV, recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{−1}$. In addition to the combination of previous searches, a targeted analysis requiring three or more charged leptons (electrons or muons) is presented, focusing on the challenging scenario in which the difference in mass between the two least massive neutralinos is approximately equal to the mass of the Z boson. The results are interpreted in simplified models of chargino-neutralino or neutralino pair production. For chargino-neutralino production, in the case when the lightest neutralino is massless, the combination yields an observed (expected) limit at the 95% confidence level on the chargino mass of up to 650 (570) GeV, improving upon the individual analysis limits by up to 40 GeV. If the mass difference between the two least massive neutralinos is approximately equal to the mass of the Z boson in the chargino-neutralino model, the targeted search requiring three or more leptons obtains observed and expected exclusion limits of around 225 GeV on the second neutralino mass and 125 GeV on the lightest neutralino mass, improving the observed limit by about 60 GeV in both masses compared to the previous CMS result. In the neutralino pair production model, the combined observed (expected) exclusion limit on the neutralino mass extends up to 650–750 (550–750) GeV, depending on the branching fraction assumed. This extends the observed exclusion achieved in the individual analyses by up to 200 GeV. The combined result additionally excludes some intermediate gaps in the mass coverage of the individual analyses.
TL;DR: In this article, a modelo considerado mais adequado ao melhor cuidado for atencao a saude do idoso is presented, tendo como foco a promocao e a prevencao da saude, de modo a evitar a sobrecarga do sistema de saude.
Abstract: Resumo O artigo aborda o desenvolvimento de um modelo de atencao a saude do idoso, buscando colaborar com a discussao sobre o envelhecimento populacional trazida pela nova realidade epidemiologica e demografica. Considerando que o processo de envelhecimento no Brasil e relativamente recente, foram descritos movimentos sociais mais relevantes na construcao das politicas de saude voltadas ao idoso. Apos a fase descritiva dos marcos, apresentou-se o modelo considerado mais adequado ao melhor cuidado. A partir de uma analise critica sobre os modelos de atencao a saude para idosos, o artigo apresenta uma proposta de linha do cuidado para esse segmento, tendo como foco a promocao e a prevencao da saude, de modo a evitar a sobrecarga do sistema de saude. Os modelos de cuidados integrados visam resolver o problema dos cuidados fragmentados e mal coordenados nos sistemas de saude atuais. Quanto mais o profissional conhecer o historico do seu paciente, melhores serao os resultados; assim devem funcionar os modelos contemporâneos e resolutivos de cuidado recomendados pelos mais importantes organismos nacionais e internacionais de saude. Um modelo de cuidado de maior qualidade, mais resolutivo e com melhor relacao custo-efetividade e a preocupacao deste texto.
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for the direct electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos in signatures with either two or more leptons (electrons or muons) of the same electric charge, or with three or more hadronically decaying tau-leptons.
Abstract: Results are presented from a search for the direct electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos in signatures with either two or more leptons (electrons or muons) of the same electric charge, or with three or more leptons, which can include up to two hadronically decaying tau leptons. The results are based on a sample of proton-proton collision data collected at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV, recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{−1}$. The observed event yields are consistent with the expectations based on the standard model. The results are interpreted in simplified models of supersymmetry describing various scenarios for the production and decay of charginos and neutralinos. Depending on the model parameters chosen, mass values between 180 GeV and 1150 GeV are excluded at 95% CL. These results significantly extend the parameter space probed for these particles in searches at the LHC. In addition, results are presented in a form suitable for alternative theoretical interpretations.
TL;DR: A measurement of the inelastic proton-proton cross section with the CMS detector at a center-of-mass energy of $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV is presented in this paper.
Abstract: A measurement of the inelastic proton-proton cross section with the CMS detector at a center-of-mass energy of $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV is presented. The analysis is based on events with energy deposits in the forward calorimeters, which cover pseudorapidities of −6.6 4.1 GeV and/or M$_{Y}$ > 13 GeV, where M$_{X}$ and M$_{Y}$ are the masses of the diffractive dissociation systems at negative and positive pseudorapidities, respectively. The results are compared with those from other experiments as well as to predictions from high-energy hadron-hadron interaction models.
TL;DR: The first observation of electroweak production of same-sign W boson pairs in proton-proton collisions was reported in this article, where the data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 359 fb^(−1) collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC Events are selected by requiring exactly two leptons (electrons or muons) of the same charge, moderate missing transverse momentum, and two jets with a large rapidity separation and a large dijet mass.
Abstract: The first observation of electroweak production of same-sign W boson pairs in proton-proton collisions is reported The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 359 fb^(−1) collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC Events are selected by requiring exactly two leptons (electrons or muons) of the same charge, moderate missing transverse momentum, and two jets with a large rapidity separation and a large dijet mass The observed significance of the signal is 55 standard deviations, where a significance of 57 standard deviations is expected based on the standard model The ratio of measured event yields to that expected from the standard model at leading order is 090 ± 022 A cross section measurement in a fiducial region is reported Bounds are given on the structure of quartic vector boson interactions in the framework of dimension-8 effective field theory operators and on the production of doubly charged Higgs bosons
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Wagner Carvalho4 +2387 more•Institutions (193)
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for additional neutral Higgs bosons in the τ τ final state in proton-proton collisions at the LHC was performed in the context of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model (MSSM), using the data collected with the CMS detector in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1.
Abstract: A search is presented for additional neutral Higgs bosons in the τ τ final state in proton-proton collisions at the LHC. The search is performed in the context of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model (MSSM), using the data collected with the CMS detector in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. To enhance the sensitivity to neutral MSSM Higgs bosons, the search includes production of the Higgs boson in association with b quarks. No significant deviation above the expected background is observed. Model-independent limits at 95% confidence level (CL) are set on the product of the branching fraction for the decay into τ leptons and the cross section for the production via gluon fusion or in association with b quarks. These limits range from 18 pb at 90 GeV to 3.5 fb at 3.2 TeV for gluon fusion and from 15 pb (at 90 GeV) to 2.5 fb (at 3.2 TeV) for production in association with b quarks, assuming a narrow width resonance. In the m
h
hod +
scenario these limits translate into a 95% CL exclusion of tan β > 6 for neutral Higgs boson masses below 250 GeV, where tan β is the ratio of the vacuum expectation values of the neutral components of the two Higgs doublets. The 95% CL exclusion contour reaches 1.6 TeV for tan β = 60.
TL;DR: The global burden of microvascular and macrovascular complications is substantial in patients with type 2 diabetes who are relatively early in the disease process, and these findings highlight an opportunity for aggressive early risk factor modification, particularly in regions with a high prevalence of complications.
Abstract: The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes-related complications is not well described. We assessed prevalence of vascular complications at baseline in DISCOVER (NCT02322762; NCT02226822), a global, prospective, observational study program of 15,992 patients with type 2 diabetes initiating second-line therapy, conducted across 38 countries. Patients were recruited from primary and specialist healthcare settings. Data were collected using a standardized case report form. Prevalence estimates of microvascular and macrovascular complications at baseline were assessed overall and by country and region, and were standardized for age and sex. Modified Poisson regression was used to assess factors associated with the prevalence of complications. The median duration of type 2 diabetes was 4.1 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.9–7.9 years), and the median glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was 8.0% (IQR: 7.2–9.1%). The crude prevalences of microvascular and macrovascular complications were 18.8% and 12.7%, respectively. Common microvascular complications were peripheral neuropathy (7.7%), chronic kidney disease (5.0%), and albuminuria (4.3%). Common macrovascular complications were coronary artery disease (8.2%), heart failure (3.3%) and stroke (2.2%). The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of microvascular complications was 17.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 17.3–18.6%), ranging from 14.2% in the Americas to 20.4% in Europe. The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of macrovascular complications was 9.2% (95% CI 8.7–9.7%), ranging from 4.1% in South-East Asia to 18.8% in Europe. Factors positively associated with vascular complications included age (per 10-year increment), male sex, diabetes duration (per 1-year increment), and history of hypoglycemia, with rate ratios (95% CIs) for microvascular complications of 1.14 (1.09–1.19), 1.30 (1.20–1.42), 1.03 (1.02–1.04) and 1.45 (1.25–1.69), respectively, and for macrovascular complications of 1.41 (1.34–1.48), 1.29 (1.16–1.45), 1.02 (1.01–1.02) and 1.24 (1.04–1.48), respectively. HbA1c levels (per 1.0% increment) were positively associated with microvascular (1.05 [1.02–1.08]) but not macrovascular (1.00 [0.97–1.04]) complications. The global burden of microvascular and macrovascular complications is substantial in these patients with type 2 diabetes who are relatively early in the disease process. These findings highlight an opportunity for aggressive early risk factor modification, particularly in regions with a high prevalence of complications. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02322762. Registered 23 December 2014. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02322762
. ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02226822. Registered 27 August 2014. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02226822
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors improved the algorithm developed by the CMS Collaboration to reconstruct and identify τ leptons produced in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 and 8 TeV via their decays to hadrons and a neutrino.
Abstract: The algorithm developed by the CMS Collaboration to reconstruct and identify τ leptons produced in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 and 8 TeV, via their decays to hadrons and a neutrino, has been significantly improved. The changes include a revised reconstruction of π0 candidates, and improvements in multivariate discriminants to separate τ leptons from jets and electrons. The algorithm is extended to reconstruct τ leptons in highly Lorentz-boosted pair production, and in the high-level trigger. The performance of the algorithm is studied using proton-proton collisions recorded during 2016 at √s=13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb-1. The performance is evaluated in terms of the efficiency for a genuine τ lepton to pass the identification criteria and of the probabilities for jets, electrons, and muons to be misidentified as τ leptons. The results are found to be very close to those expected from Monte Carlo simulation.
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Wagner Carvalho4 +2390 more•Institutions (193)
TL;DR: In this article, a search for new high-mass resonances decaying into electron or muon pairs is presented, where upper limits on the product of a new resonance production cross section and branching fraction to dileptons are calculated in a model-independent manner.
Abstract: A search is presented for new high-mass resonances decaying into electron or muon pairs. The search uses proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 fb$^{−1}$. Observations are in agreement with standard model expectations. Upper limits on the product of a new resonance production cross section and branching fraction to dileptons are calculated in a model-independent manner. This permits the interpretation of the limits in models predicting a narrow dielectron or dimuon resonance. A scan of different intrinsic width hypotheses is performed. Limits are set on the masses of various hypothetical particles. For the $ {Z}_{\mathrm{SSM}}^{\prime}\left({Z}_{{}^{\psi}}^{\prime}\right) $ particle, which arises in the sequential standard model (superstring-inspired model), a lower mass limit of 4.50 (3.90) TeV is set at 95% confidence level. The lightest Kaluza-Klein graviton arising in the Randall-Sundrum model of extra dimensions, with coupling parameters k/M$_{Pl}$ of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.10, is excluded at 95% confidence level below 2.10, 3.65, and 4.25 TeV, respectively. In a simplified model of dark matter production via a vector or axial vector mediator, limits at 95% confidence level are obtained on the masses of the dark matter particle and its mediator.
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for the production of Higgs boson pairs in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is presented, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb^(−1) collected with the CMS detector at the LHC.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors performed searches for resonant and nonresonant pair-produced Higgs bosons (HH) decaying respectively into l nu l nu, through either W or Z bosons, and b (b) over bar.
Abstract: Searches for resonant and nonresonant pair-produced Higgs bosons (HH) decaying respectively into l nu l nu, through either W or Z bosons, and b (b) over bar are presented The analyses are based on a sample of proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 359 fb(-1) Data and predictions from the standard model are in agreement within uncertainties For the standard model HH hypothesis, the data exclude at 95% confidence level a product of the production cross section and branching fraction larger than 72 fb, corresponding to 79 times the standard model prediction Constraints are placed on different scenarios considering anomalous couplings, which could affect the rate and kinematics of HH production Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section of narrow-width spin-0 and spin-2 particles decaying to Higgs boson pairs, the latter produced with minimal gravity-like coupling
TL;DR: In this article, a search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying to bb when produced in association with an electroweak vector boson is reported for the following processes.
National Autonomous University of Mexico1, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign2, Liverpool John Moores University3, Universidade Federal de Sergipe4, Federal University of Bahia5, Oxford Brookes University6, University of Stirling7, Wildlife Conservation Society8, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul9, University of Notre Dame10, University of Calgary11, Universidade Federal de Goiás12, Rio de Janeiro State University13, Leibniz Association14, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo15, University of Antananarivo16, Federal University of São Paulo17, University of Indonesia18, Mahidol University International College19, The Aspinall Foundation20
TL;DR: The anthropogenic pressures each country is facing that place their primate populations at risk are examined and the key challenges faced by the four countries to avert primate extinctions now and in the future are listed.
Abstract: Primates occur in 90 countries, but four-Brazil, Madagascar, Indonesia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)-harbor 65% of the world's primate species (439) and 60% of these primates are Threatened, Endangered, or Critically Endangered (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017-3). Considering their importance for global primate conservation, we examine the anthropogenic pressures each country is facing that place their primate populations at risk. Habitat loss and fragmentation are main threats to primates in Brazil, Madagascar, and Indonesia. However, in DRC hunting for the commercial bushmeat trade is the primary threat. Encroachment on primate habitats driven by local and global market demands for food and non-food commodities hunting, illegal trade, the proliferation of invasive species, and human and domestic-animal borne infectious diseases cause habitat loss, population declines, and extirpation. Modeling agricultural expansion in the 21st century for the four countries under a worst-case-scenario, showed a primate range contraction of 78% for Brazil, 72% for Indonesia, 62% for Madagascar, and 32% for DRC. These pressures unfold in the context of expanding human populations with low levels of development. Weak governance across these four countries may limit effective primate conservation planning. We examine landscape and local approaches to effective primate conservation policies and assess the distribution of protected areas and primates in each country. Primates in Brazil and Madagascar have 38% of their range inside protected areas, 17% in Indonesia and 14% in DRC, suggesting that the great majority of primate populations remain vulnerable. We list the key challenges faced by the four countries to avert primate extinctions now and in the future. In the short term, effective law enforcement to stop illegal hunting and illegal forest destruction is absolutely key. Long-term success can only be achieved by focusing local and global public awareness, and actively engaging with international organizations, multinational businesses and consumer nations to reduce unsustainable demands on the environment. Finally, the four primate range countries need to ensure that integrated, sustainable land-use planning for economic development includes the maintenance of biodiversity and intact, functional natural ecosystems.
TL;DR: In this paper, the transverse momentum (p_T) spectrum of prompt D0 mesons and their antiparticles has been measured via the hadronic decay channels D^0 → K^−π+ and D^‾0 → k^+π^− in pp and PbPb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 5.02
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Wagner Carvalho4 +2307 more•Institutions (156)
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for new physics in events with two low-momentum, oppositely charged leptons (electrons or muons) and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13.9 fb − 1.
01 Nov 2018
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimate spatially explicit economic values for a range of ecosystem services provided by the Brazilian Amazon forest, including food production (Brazil nut), raw material provision (rubber and timber), greenhouse gas mitigation (CO2 emissions) and climate regulation (rent losses to soybean, beef and hydroelectricity production due to reduced rainfall).
Abstract: The Brazilian Amazon forest is tremendously important for its ecosystem services but attribution of economically measurable values remains scarce. Mapping these values is essential for designing conservation strategies that suitably combine regional forest protection with sustainable forest use. We estimate spatially explicit economic values for a range of ecosystem services provided by the Brazilian Amazon forest, including food production (Brazil nut), raw material provision (rubber and timber), greenhouse gas mitigation (CO2 emissions) and climate regulation (rent losses to soybean, beef and hydroelectricity production due to reduced rainfall). Our work also includes the mapping of biodiversity resources and of rent losses to timber production by fire-induced degradation. Highest values range from US$56.72 ± 10 ha−1 yr−1 to US$737 ± 134 ha−1 yr−1 but are restricted to only 12% of the remaining forest. Our results, presented on a web platform, identify regions where high ecosystem services values cluster together as potential information to support decision-making. This study spatially maps the economic value of some major ecosystem services provided by the Brazilian Amazon. It also estimates changes in these values under scenarios of degradation and low-impact logging.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess the impact of quantile price movements in oil, gas, coal and electricity on the quantiles of clean energy stock returns using a multivariate vine-copula dependence setup.