Russian Ministry of the Emergency Situations

About: Russian Ministry of the Emergency Situations is a government organization based out in Moscow, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Combustion & Liquid crystal. The organization has 218 authors who have published 172 publications receiving 453 citations. The organization is also known as: Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters.

NDVI-Based Monitoring Long-Term Vegetation Change Dynamics in the Drylands of Central Asia

Abstract: An understanding of the complex environmental systems at a regional scale is still a challenging problem in the Central Asian countries, which cover 399.4 million hectares (ha). This chapter focuses on one specific (specific regions are classified as Oblast and it is targeted as a province) region for each country of Central Asia. The time series data through remote sensing represents a promising resource for studying connectivity within dynamic ecosystems. Among diverse landscapes in Central Asia, the selected zones are classified on base elevation and major land use type as mountain zones—Jalalabad region (Kyrgyzstan), Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region (Tajikistan), and flat zones—Lebap region (Turkmenistan), Navoi region (Uzbekistan), and Kyzylorda region (Kazakhstan). The seasonal variations of NDVI derived from AVHRR-GIMMS 3g data for the period 1982–2015 estimated differences of spectral profiles enacted to indicate the weakness and strength of vegetation patterns. In response to the medium spatial resolution of the freely available multispectral Sentinel-2 datasets (0.3 m) these were upgraded for specific areas for monitoring the surroundings. The outputs of breakpoint of NDVI in Navoi (Uzbekistan) were described as slightly changed after 2002, whereas in general decreasing NDVI trends of vegetation values in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan were observed in the past 3–5 years. With application of Mann–Kendall (MK) monotonic trends analysis we are approaching estimation of statistically significant trends (p value, MK-tau) in each selected zone. The negative significance procedure of MK-tau outputs is described in the regions of Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan. Others are described as a fast recovering or caused by the increase of levels of precipitation as observed after 2013–2015. This study introduces approaches to enable and combine high- and low-resolution datasets for monitoring large–scale rangeland habitats and estimates of the amount of the data needed to better interpret biodiversity loss levels.

Passivation of the GaP(111) surface by treatment in selenium vapors

Abstract: Results of examination of structural phase transitions on the GaP(111) surface after heat treatment in selenium vapors in a vacuum chamber with a quasi-closed volume are described. The electrophysical characteristics of Schottky-barrier diodes on GaP(111) are studied before and after treatment in selenium vapors by measuring the current-voltage characteristics and by deep-level transient spectroscopy. It is found that, after treatment in selenium vapors, the Schottky-barrier height becomes dependent on the work function of the metal in accordance with the Schottky-Mott rule for an ideal diode. It is shown that a decrease in the density of surface electronic states in GaP(111) results from the formation of a Ga2Se3(111)(√3 × √3)-R30° surface phase with ordered stoichiometric gallium vacancies.

Information-Educational Environment and Security of the Modern Person

Abstract: В статье представлен авторский взгляд на особенности формирования информационно-образовательной среды и безопасность современной личности в информационном обществе, что актуализирует инновационную разработку модели гражданского образования в Республике Беларусь.

Influence of temperament on the professionalism of firefighters

Abstract: The article discusses the features of temperament and its indicators in firefighters of different groups of professionalism. Temperament is understood in accordance with the formal-dynamic concept of V. M. Rusalov, which highlights the formal-dynamic properties of the individual: ergic, plasticity, speed, emotionality. The sample consisted of 210 firefighters, divided into three groups of professionalism: firefighters-mentors, firefighters of the 1st class, firefighters of the 2nd class. A questionnaire for determining V. M.’s temperament was used. Rusalova, methods of mathematical statistics: the Kruskal-Wallace method and ANOVA analysis of variance. The features of the development of temperament indicators in various groups of firefighters are revealed. The main results of the study are described, indicating that there are indicators (social tempo, tempo, social ergicity, ergicity) that are common to all groups of firefighters. At the same time, some indicators of temperament (social plasticity and emotionality) differ in severity in certain groups of firefighters: social plasticity dominates in class 2 firefighters, and emotionality – in class 1 firefighters.