Showing papers in "Cortex in 2021"

TL;DR: The #EEGManyLabs project as discussed by the authors is a large-scale international collaborative replication effort that aims to evaluate the replicability of EEG findings about the relationship between brain activity and cognitive phenomena.

TL;DR: A object-specific memory impairment in individuals with aphantasia provides evidence for separate systems in memory that support object versus spatial information and provides an important experimental validation for the existence of a elephantasia as a variation in human imagery experience.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted two preregistered independent experiments (N = 40 in each experiment) using different variants of a novel task that manipulates peripheral perceptual load across levels but keeps overall visual stimulation constant.

TL;DR: Here, it is shown that both oculomotor-capture and disengagement dynamics contribute to the rapid-disengagement effect, and supports the idea that learnt suppression is implemented at a different level of priority computation with same-versus different-dimension distractors.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured EEG while participants performed two variants of the additional singleton paradigm and found that both distractor feature and location regularities contributed to distractor inhibition, as indicated by corresponding reductions in distractor costs during visual search and an earlier distractor-evoked Pd component.

TL;DR: It is suggested that all memories are consolidated during sleep, but that memories of different strengths require different testing conditions to unveil their benefit from post-learning sleep.

TL;DR: This paper performed a multivariate support vector regression-based lesion-symptom mapping and structural disconnection study on semantic and phonemic fluency in 1231 patients with acute ischemic stroke.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the right cerebellum is causally involved in semantic memory and provide evidence consistent with theories that proposed the existence of a unified cerebellar function within motor and cognitive domains, as well with recent perspectives about cerebellary involvement in semanticMemory and predictive functions.

TL;DR: The ability of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to non-invasively induce neuroplasticity in the human cortex has opened exciting possibilities for its application in both basic and clinical research.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of healthy ageing on multisensory integration were summarized and a normative Bayesian framework was proposed to provide a principled and computationally informed perspective on the key ingredients involved in multi-sensory perception and how these are affected by ageing.

TL;DR: It is hypothesized that there are two forms of inhibition of return-the form which is manifest being contingent upon the activation state of the reflexive oculomotor system, and the effects of the two forms were best accounted for by different drift diffusion parameters.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors found no differences in capacity limits for visual, general number or spatial working memory for aphantasic individuals compared to controls, however, there were significant differences in the reported strategies used by non-visual imagery strategies across all memory tasks, suggesting visual imagery and working memory are not one and the same.

TL;DR: This study contributes to a better understanding of the brain mechanisms associated with the behavioural effects of VR interventions in the context of a violent confrontation with the male participant embodied as a female victim.

TL;DR: The role of metacognition in this domain remains poorly understood as discussed by the authors, however, although emotion recognition impairments are well documented across neurodegenerative diseases, the role of the metacognitive index (MI) is poorly understood.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the neural mechanism that adapts cortical entrainment to the speech envelope is impaired in Dyslexia, consistent with the temporal sampling theory of developmental dyslexia.

TL;DR: It is found that movement generation is characterized by neuronal dynamics that evolve between subspaces that are predictive of how PMd processes inhibitory signals, allowing the classification of the resulting behavioural strategy.

TL;DR: This paper conducted a retrospective review of fMRI studies of complex syntax, in order to study the stability of the neural bases of mechanisms engaged in syntactic processing, and concluded that the extant data decisively point to the JuBrain-defined Broca's region as the main locus of complex receptive syntax in healthy people.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used resting state fMRI (rsfMRI) during natural sleep to examine the longitudinal development of hippocampal functional connectivity using a large cohort of infants at 3 weeks (neonate), 1 year, and 2 years of age.

TL;DR: The PeriPersonal Space (PPS) has been defined as the space surrounding the body, where physical interactions with elements of the environment take place as discussed by the authors, a concept stemming from social psychology, defining the space we keep between us and others to avoid discomfort.

TL;DR: Evidence suggests that directional SNAs, like the SNARC effect, are secondary to the primary transfer of spatial response codes to number stimuli, rather than deriving from a primary congruency or incongruence between independent spatial-response and spatial-number codes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the age dependency and lateralization properties of the superior longitudinal fascicle/fasciculus (SLF) were analyzed using diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) and quantitative R1 (qR1) map datasets.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors assessed how cardiac interoceptive impact, manipulated by presenting affective stimuli across different phases of the cardiac cycle coupled with trait-like levels of inter-oceptive accuracy, modulated the emotional egocentricity bias.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used magnetoencephalography to measure neural entrainment to nonspeech and speech in both groups and found that control participants showed larger responses than dyslexic participants in the right hemisphere and in the gamma range in the left hemisphere.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the availability of the haptic positional cue together with the visual cues is sufficient to achieve the same grasping performance as when all cues are available.

TL;DR: This paper found that nouns and verbs can be selectively impaired in neurological disorders, but the specificity of the neural and cognitive correlates of such dissociation remains unclear, thus providing new critical evidence of network specificity.

TL;DR: In this article, a large sample of 1554 participants (18-77 years) performed an online mnemonic discrimination task, tested on a pool of 2708 stimuli, using corrected hit-rate (Pr) as a measure of performance.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared a curved path (typically the visual feedback of a changing direction of movement in the environment) to a linear path for simulated forward and backward motion in an event-related fMRI experiment.

TL;DR: In this paper, Batterink et al. argue that the use of overlapping epochs leads to methodological artefacts at the frequency corresponding to the overlap, and therefore strongly discourage this approach and encourage the re-analysis of data based on overlaps.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that abnormalities in the functional connectivity between cortex and thalamus underlie neurocognitive impairments seen after preterm birth is addressed, demonstrating the importance and vulnerability of functional thalamocortical connectivity development in the perinatal period for later neuroc cognitive functioning.

TL;DR: The Back of the Brain project assessed the range and specificity of visual perceptual impairment in 64 patients with posterior cerebral artery stroke recruited based on lesion localization and not behavioural performance as mentioned in this paper.