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An Overview of Innovation

Stephen J. Kline, +1 more
- 01 Jan 2009 - 
- pp 173-203
TLDR
The process of innovation must be viewed as a series of changes in a complete system not only of hardware, but also of market environment, production facilities and knowledge, and the social contexts of the innovation organization as discussed by the authors.
Abstract
Models that depict innovation as a smooth, well-behaved linear process badly misspecify the nature and direction of the causal factors at work. Innovation is complex, uncertain, somewhat disorderly, and subject to changes of many sorts. Innovation is also difficult to measure and demands close coordination of adequate technical knowledge and excellent market judgment in order to satisfy economic, technological, and other types of constraints—all simultaneously. The process of innovation must be viewed as a series of changes in a complete system not only of hardware, but also of market environment, production facilities and knowledge, and the social contexts of the innovation organization.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Forms of knowledge and modes of innovation

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared two modes of innovation, Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) and Doing, Using and Interacting (DUI), and found that firms combining the two modes are more likely to innovate new products or services than those relying primarily on one mode or the other.
Journal ArticleDOI

National Innovation Systems: Analytical Concept and Development Tool

TL;DR: In this article, a core of the innovation system is defined and it is illustrated that it is necessary both to understand micro-behaviour in the core and understand the wider setting within which the core operates.
Posted Content

Leveraging External Sources of Innovation: A Review of Research on Open Innovation

TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of prior research on how firms leverage external sources of innovation is presented, which suggests a four-phase model in which a linear process of obtaining, integrating, integrating and commercializing external innovations is combined with interaction between the firm and its collaborators.
Journal ArticleDOI

University–industry relationships and open innovation: Towards a research agenda

TL;DR: In this paper, the diffusion and characteristics of collaborative relationships between universities and industry are explored, and a research agenda informed by an open innovation perspective is developed. But the authors focus on the effects of university-industry links on innovation-specific variables, such as patents or firm innovativeness, and the dynamics of these relationships remain under-researched.
Journal ArticleDOI

'Mode 3' and 'Quadruple Helix': toward a 21st century fractal innovation ecosystem

TL;DR: The 'Quadruple Helix' emphasises the importance of also integrating the perspective of the media-based and culture-based public, and results is an emerging fractal knowledge and innovation ecosystem, well-configured for the knowledge economy and society.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

All that glitters is not gold or platinum: Institutions and the use of mercury in mining in Chocó, Colombia

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the institutions involved in the attempts to eliminate the use of mercury in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) in the district of Choco, Colombia, using a novel policy assessment method, that examines the behaviour of actors across the social system.
Dissertation

In search of the interrelatedness of innovation and internationalisation processes in entrepreneurial life science companies

Nina Rilla
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the interrelatedness of innovation and internationalisation processes in entrepreneurial life science companies and found that the more experienced companies are able to take advantage of complex cross-border inter-organisational relationship structures better than the starting companies.
Journal ArticleDOI

Searching for a Path: A Bibliometric study on Innovation and Technological Capabilities

TL;DR: The aim is to use a bibliometrics approach to map out the authors, institutions, journals and the evolution of the publication to provide the path needed to build a theoretical framework about the theme of innovation.
Journal ArticleDOI

The role of clusters in the global innovation strategy of MNEs: Theoretical foundations and evidence from the Basel pharmaceutical cluster

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the role of clusters as home and host country-specific advantages for multinational enterprises in the organization of their internal and external networks to optimize the diffusion and generation of new knowledge.
Journal ArticleDOI

The financial crisis and Greek R&D policy from a Schumpeterian perspective

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that periods of crisis are not suitable for major reforms of R&D systems, even though they may seem to provide political opportunities for reform, since they can undermine the trust between the government and the research community, generating important barriers to reform.
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