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An Overview of Innovation

Stephen J. Kline, +1 more
- 01 Jan 2009 - 
- pp 173-203
TLDR
The process of innovation must be viewed as a series of changes in a complete system not only of hardware, but also of market environment, production facilities and knowledge, and the social contexts of the innovation organization as discussed by the authors.
Abstract
Models that depict innovation as a smooth, well-behaved linear process badly misspecify the nature and direction of the causal factors at work. Innovation is complex, uncertain, somewhat disorderly, and subject to changes of many sorts. Innovation is also difficult to measure and demands close coordination of adequate technical knowledge and excellent market judgment in order to satisfy economic, technological, and other types of constraints—all simultaneously. The process of innovation must be viewed as a series of changes in a complete system not only of hardware, but also of market environment, production facilities and knowledge, and the social contexts of the innovation organization.

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Citations
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Dissertation

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Book ChapterDOI

Innovation: A Critical Assessment of the Concept and Scope of Literature

TL;DR: In this article, a range of types of innovation is identified, which are delineated within the literature, and the problems of defining both context and novelty in the usual essentialist answers are discussed.
Book ChapterDOI

Open Innovation and Crowdsourcing in the Sciences

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Journal Article

Sectoral Innovation Systems in Low-tech Manufacturing: Types, Sources, Drivers and Barriers of Innovation in Malaysia’s Wooden Furniture Industry

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the patterns of technological innovation among small and medium-sized wooden furniture manufacturers in Malaysia from two perspectives viz., sources of knowledge and technology and capability of forming linkages.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

National Innovation Systems: Analytical Concept and Development Tool

TL;DR: In this article, a core of the innovation system is defined and it is illustrated that it is necessary both to understand micro-behaviour in the core and understand the wider setting within which the core operates.
Posted Content

Leveraging External Sources of Innovation: A Review of Research on Open Innovation

TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of prior research on how firms leverage external sources of innovation is presented, which suggests a four-phase model in which a linear process of obtaining, integrating, integrating and commercializing external innovations is combined with interaction between the firm and its collaborators.
Journal ArticleDOI

University–industry relationships and open innovation: Towards a research agenda

TL;DR: In this paper, the diffusion and characteristics of collaborative relationships between universities and industry are explored, and a research agenda informed by an open innovation perspective is developed. But the authors focus on the effects of university-industry links on innovation-specific variables, such as patents or firm innovativeness, and the dynamics of these relationships remain under-researched.
Journal ArticleDOI

'Mode 3' and 'Quadruple Helix': toward a 21st century fractal innovation ecosystem

TL;DR: The 'Quadruple Helix' emphasises the importance of also integrating the perspective of the media-based and culture-based public, and results is an emerging fractal knowledge and innovation ecosystem, well-configured for the knowledge economy and society.
Journal ArticleDOI

The importance of diverse collaborative networks for the novelty of product innovation

TL;DR: In this article, the role of different types of collaborative networks in achieving product innovations and their degree of novelty was theoretically and empirically analyzed, using data from a longitudinal sample of Spanish manufacturing firms.
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