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Journal ArticleDOI

Antimicrobial activity of metals: mechanisms, molecular targets and applications

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TLDR
The chemical and toxicological principles that underlie the antimicrobial activity of metals are described and the preferences of metal atoms for specific microbial targets are discussed.
Abstract
Metals have been used as antimicrobial agents since antiquity, but throughout most of history their modes of action have remained unclear. Recent studies indicate that different metals cause discrete and distinct types of injuries to microbial cells as a result of oxidative stress, protein dysfunction or membrane damage. Here, we describe the chemical and toxicological principles that underlie the antimicrobial activity of metals and discuss the preferences of metal atoms for specific microbial targets. Interdisciplinary research is advancing not only our understanding of metal toxicity but also the design of metal-based compounds for use as antimicrobial agents and alternatives to antibiotics.

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Citations
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Inactivation of RNA and DNA viruses in water by copper and silver ions and their synergistic effect.

TL;DR: The combined use of Cu and Ag revealed synergy in disinfecting MS2 at pH ≥ 7.
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Pegylated Metal-Phenolic Networks for Antimicrobial and Antifouling Properties.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that the MPN from complexation of p(PEGMA-co-DMA) and metal ions provide excellent antifouling, pH responsive and biocompatible properties on a wide range of substrates.
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The antimicrobial effect of metal substrates on food pathogens

TL;DR: In this paper, the antimicrobial potential of a range of metal coated surfaces including silver, titanium, copper, iron, molybdenum, zinc and silicon was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes.
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Antifungal nanomaterials: Synthesis, properties, and applications

TL;DR: This chapter highlights recent advances in the field of antifungal nanomaterials from synthesis to applications in human health, environment, and food industries.
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Integrative Conjugative Element ICEHs1 Encodes for Antimicrobial Resistance and Metal Tolerance in Histophilus somni.

TL;DR: Based on results of in-vitro conjugation experiments, ICEHs1 mediated transmission of antimicrobial and metal resistance genes is possible between BRD pathogens in the respiratory tract, potentially undermining treatment options available for histophilosis and BRD.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

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Absolute hardness: companion parameter to absolute electronegativity

TL;DR: In this paper, a property called absolute hardness eta is defined for neutral and charged species, atomic and molecular, for both hard and soft acids and bases, by making use of the hypothesis that extra stability attends bonding of A to B when the ionization potentials of A and B in the molecule are the same.
Journal ArticleDOI

Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles

TL;DR: Monodisperse samples of silver nanocubes were synthesized in large quantities by reducing silver nitrate with ethylene glycol in the presence of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), characterized by a slightly truncated shape bounded by {100, {110}, and {111} facets.
Journal ArticleDOI

Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer

TL;DR: This review examines the evidence for involvement of the oxidative stress in the carcinogenesis process and the role of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the process of carcinogenesis as well as the antioxidant interactions with various regulatory factors.
Journal ArticleDOI

The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles

TL;DR: The results indicate that the bactericidal properties of the nanoparticles are size dependent, since the only nanoparticles that present a direct interaction with the bacteria preferentially have a diameter of approximately 1-10 nm.
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