Journal ArticleDOI
Antimicrobial activity of metals: mechanisms, molecular targets and applications
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TLDR
The chemical and toxicological principles that underlie the antimicrobial activity of metals are described and the preferences of metal atoms for specific microbial targets are discussed.Abstract:
Metals have been used as antimicrobial agents since antiquity, but throughout most of history their modes of action have remained unclear. Recent studies indicate that different metals cause discrete and distinct types of injuries to microbial cells as a result of oxidative stress, protein dysfunction or membrane damage. Here, we describe the chemical and toxicological principles that underlie the antimicrobial activity of metals and discuss the preferences of metal atoms for specific microbial targets. Interdisciplinary research is advancing not only our understanding of metal toxicity but also the design of metal-based compounds for use as antimicrobial agents and alternatives to antibiotics.read more
Citations
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The molecular basis of phosphate discrimination in arsenate-rich environments
Mikael Elias,Alon Wellner,Korina Goldin-Azulay,Eric Chabrière,Julia A. Vorholt,Tobias J. Erb,Dan S. Tawfik +6 more
TL;DR: An extensive network of dipole–anion interactions, and of repulsive interactions, results in the 4% larger arsenate distorting a unique low-barrier hydrogen bond that enables the phosphate transport system to bind phosphate selectively over arsenate even in highly arsenate-rich environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antibacterial activity of Miswak (Salvadora persica L.) extracts on oral hygiene
TL;DR: The results show that Miswak contains more than one type of antimicrobial agent that inhibits the growth of both gram positive and negative bacteria, and a strong antimicrobial activity in the aqueous extract and less activity in alcoholic and nonpolar extracts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanoantibiotics: Functions and Properties at the Nanoscale to Combat Antibiotic Resistance.
TL;DR: In this article, the physicochemical properties of nanoantibiotic conjugates are discussed and compared to those of conventional antibiotic conjugate types, which can be used in manufacturing and designing various nAbts types.
Journal ArticleDOI
A novel approach to create an antibacterial surface using titanium dioxide and a combination of dip-pen nanolithography and soft lithography
TL;DR: TiO2 micropatterned demonstrated a synergic effect between physical and chemical modification against S. mutans, which may be a promising alternative to reduce bacterial adhesion to surfaces.
Journal ArticleDOI
Combination of CuO nanoparticles and fluconazole: preparation, characterization, and antifungal activity against Candida albicans
TL;DR: The results suggest that fluconazole–CuO NPs can provide a potential alternative treatment for C. albicans infections and are suggested to be a viable option in the management of invasive fungal infections.
References
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Hard and soft acids and bases
TL;DR: In this paper, the rate data for the generalized nucleophilic displacement reaction were reviewed, and the authors presented a method to estimate the rate of the generalized displacement reaction in terms of the number of nucleophiles.
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Absolute hardness: companion parameter to absolute electronegativity
Robert G. Parr,Ralph G. Pearson +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a property called absolute hardness eta is defined for neutral and charged species, atomic and molecular, for both hard and soft acids and bases, by making use of the hypothesis that extra stability attends bonding of A to B when the ionization potentials of A and B in the molecule are the same.
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Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles
Yugang Sun,Younan Xia +1 more
TL;DR: Monodisperse samples of silver nanocubes were synthesized in large quantities by reducing silver nitrate with ethylene glycol in the presence of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), characterized by a slightly truncated shape bounded by {100, {110}, and {111} facets.
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Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer
TL;DR: This review examines the evidence for involvement of the oxidative stress in the carcinogenesis process and the role of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the process of carcinogenesis as well as the antioxidant interactions with various regulatory factors.
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The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles
Jose Ruben Morones,Jose Luis Elechiguerra,A. Camacho,Katherine B. Holt,Juan B. Kouri,Jose Tapia Ramirez,Miguel Jose Yacaman +6 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that the bactericidal properties of the nanoparticles are size dependent, since the only nanoparticles that present a direct interaction with the bacteria preferentially have a diameter of approximately 1-10 nm.