Autophagy: process and function
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TLDR
In this review, the process of autophagy is summarized, and the role of autophileagy is discussed in a process-based manner.Abstract:
Autophagy is an intracellular degradation system that delivers cytoplasmic constituents to the lysosome. Despite its simplicity, recent progress has demonstrated that autophagy plays a wide variety of physiological and pathophysiological roles, which are sometimes complex. Autophagy consists of several sequential steps--sequestration, transport to lysosomes, degradation, and utilization of degradation products--and each step may exert different function. In this review, the process of autophagy is summarized, and the role of autophagy is discussed in a process-based manner.read more
Citations
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Pathogenic Mechanisms in Centronuclear Myopathies
Heinz Jungbluth,Mathias Gautel +1 more
TL;DR: An overview of clinical, histopathological, and genetic aspects of the CNMs in the context of the key pathogenic mechanism is provided, unresolved questions are outlined, and promising future lines of enquiry are indicated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autophagy and autoimmunity
TL;DR: Current understanding of the roles of autophagy and autophagic proteins in autoimmune diseases is summarized in this review.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of the endolysosomal system in Parkinson's disease.
TL;DR: Interestingly, α‐synuclein and LRRK2, key proteins involved in PD, function in different steps of the E‐L pathway and target their components to induce disease pathogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
PINK1/Parkin Mediated Mitophagy, Ca2+ Signalling, and ER-Mitochondria Contacts in Parkinson's Disease.
TL;DR: The current knowledge on the involvement of PINK1 and Parkin at the ER-mitochondria contact sites and their role in the modulation of Ca2+ signalling and mitophagy is summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Upregulation of autophagy-related gene-5 (ATG-5) is associated with chemoresistance in human gastric cancer.
TL;DR: Investigation of the expression pattern of ATG-5 and multidrug resistance-associated protein-1 in 135 gastric cancers patients who were treated with epirubicin, cisplatin and 5-FU adjuvant chemotherapy (ECF) following surgical resection suggested that upregulated expression of ATg-5 is associated with chemoresistance in GC.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
LC3, a mammalian homologue of yeast Apg8p, is localized in autophagosome membranes after processing
Yukiko Kabeya,Noboru Mizushima,Noboru Mizushima,Takashi Ueno,Akitsugu Yamamoto,Takayoshi Kirisako,Takayoshi Kirisako,Takeshi Noda,Takeshi Noda,Eiki Kominami,Yoshinori Ohsumi,Yoshinori Ohsumi,Tamotsu Yoshimori,Tamotsu Yoshimori +13 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the rat microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), a homologue of Apg8p essential for autophagy in yeast, is associated to the autophagosome membranes after processing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development by Self-Digestion: Molecular Mechanisms and Biological Functions of Autophagy
Beth Levine,Daniel J. Klionsky +1 more
TL;DR: This review summarizes the current knowledge about the molecular machinery of autophagy and the role of the autophagic machinery in eukaryotic development and identifies a set of evolutionarily conserved genes that are essential forAutophagy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Suppression of basal autophagy in neural cells causes neurodegenerative disease in mice
Taichi Hara,Kenji Nakamura,Makoto Matsui,Makoto Matsui,Makoto Matsui,Akitsugu Yamamoto,Yohko Nakahara,Rika Suzuki-Migishima,Minesuke Yokoyama,Kenji Mishima,Ichiro Saito,Hideyuki Okano,Noboru Mizushima +12 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the continuous clearance of diffuse cytosolic proteins through basal autophagy is important for preventing the accumulation of abnormal proteins, which can disrupt neural function and ultimately lead to neurodegeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI
p62/SQSTM1 Binds Directly to Atg8/LC3 to Facilitate Degradation of Ubiquitinated Protein Aggregates by Autophagy
Serhiy Pankiv,Terje Høyvarde Clausen,Trond Lamark,Andreas Brech,Jack-Ansgar Bruun,Heidi Outzen,Aud Øvervatn,Geir Bjørkøy,Terje Johansen +8 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the previously reported aggresome-like induced structures containing ubiquitinated proteins in cytosolic bodies are dependent on p62 for their formation and p62 is required both for the formation and the degradation of polyubiquitin-containing bodies by autophagy.
Book
Isolation and characterization
TL;DR: Animal Models and Therapy, Directed Differentiation and Characterization of Genetically Modified Embryonic Stem Cells for Therapy, and Use of Differentiating Embryonics Stem cells in the Parkinsonian Mouse Model are reviewed.