Autophagy: process and function
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TLDR
In this review, the process of autophagy is summarized, and the role of autophileagy is discussed in a process-based manner.Abstract:
Autophagy is an intracellular degradation system that delivers cytoplasmic constituents to the lysosome. Despite its simplicity, recent progress has demonstrated that autophagy plays a wide variety of physiological and pathophysiological roles, which are sometimes complex. Autophagy consists of several sequential steps--sequestration, transport to lysosomes, degradation, and utilization of degradation products--and each step may exert different function. In this review, the process of autophagy is summarized, and the role of autophagy is discussed in a process-based manner.read more
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Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation.
TL;DR: Recognition of the widespread applicability of these concepts will increasingly affect the development of new means to treat human cancer.
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Autophagy: cellular and molecular mechanisms.
TL;DR: This review summarizes the most up‐to‐date findings on how autophagy is executed and regulated at the molecular level and how its disruption can lead to disease.
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TFEB links autophagy to lysosomal biogenesis.
Carmine Settembre,Chiara Di Malta,Vinicia Assunta Polito,Vinicia Assunta Polito,Moises Garcia Arencibia,Francesco Vetrini,Serkan Erdin,Serkan Erdin,Serpil Uckac Erdin,Serpil Uckac Erdin,Tuong Huynh,Tuong Huynh,Diego L. Medina,Pasqualina Colella,Marco Sardiello,Marco Sardiello,David C. Rubinsztein,Andrea Ballabio +17 more
TL;DR: A mitogen-activated protein kinase–dependent mechanism regulates autophagy by controlling the biogenesis and partnership of two distinct cellular organelles during starvation.
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Role of autophagy in cancer
TL;DR: Evidence suggests that autophagy provides a protective function to limit tumour necrosis and inflammation, and to mitigate genome damage in tumour cells in response to metabolic stress.
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Nutrient-dependent mTORC1 Association with the ULK1–Atg13–FIP200 Complex Required for Autophagy
Nao Hosokawa,Taichi Hara,Takeshi Kaizuka,Chieko Kishi,Akito Takamura,Yutaka Miura,Shun-ichiro Iemura,Tohru Natsume,Kenji Takehana,Naoyuki Yamada,Jun-Lin Guan,Noriko Oshiro,Noriko Oshiro,Noboru Mizushima +13 more
TL;DR: A novel mammalian autophagy factor, Atg13, is reported, which forms a stable approximately 3-MDa protein complex with ULK1 and FIP200, and suggests that mTORC1 suppressesAutophagy through direct regulation of the approximately 3,MDa ULK 1-Atg13-FIP200 complex.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Programmed Autophagy in the Drosophila Fat Body Is Induced by Ecdysone through Regulation of the PI3K Pathway
Tor Erik Rusten,Karine Lindmo,Gábor Juhász,Miklós Sass,Per Ottar Seglen,Andreas Brech,Harald Stenmark +6 more
TL;DR: Genetic interaction studies showed that ecdysone signaling downregulates PI3K signaling and that this represents the effector mechanism for induction of programmed autophagy, and these studies link hormonal induction ofAutophagy to the regulatory function of the PI3k signaling pathway in vivo.
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The pleiotropic role of autophagy: from protein metabolism to bactericide.
TL;DR: The biological significance of autophagy from yeast to higher eukaryotes is discussed and several other roles for autophile have been discovered, such as presentation of endogenous antigens and degradation of invasive bacteria.
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Cellular autophagy: surrender, avoidance and subversion by microorganisms
TL;DR: The molecular mechanisms of the avoidance and subversion of autophagy by microorganisms will be the subject of much future research, not only to study their roles in the replication of these microorganisms, but also because they will provide — as bacteria and viruses so often have — unique tools to study the cellular process itself.
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Vacuolar import of proteins and organelles from the cytoplasm
TL;DR: This review focuses on recent progress made in analyzing these delivery processes at a molecular level in the vacuole/lysosome, the main site of protein and organellar turnover within the cell.
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AMP-activated Protein Kinase and the Regulation of Autophagic Proteolysis *
Daniel Meley,Chantal Bauvy,Judith H.P.M. Houben-Weerts,Peter F. Dubbelhuis,Mariette T.J. Helmond,Patrice Codogno,Alfred J. Meijer +6 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that in mammalian cells, as in yeast, AMPK is required for autophagy, and it is suggested that the inhibition of Autophagy by AICAR is not related to its ability to activate AMPK.