scispace - formally typeset
Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Beyond oxidative stress: an immunologist’s guide to reactive oxygen species

Carl Nathan, +1 more
- 01 May 2013 - 
- Vol. 13, Iss: 5, pp 349-361
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
ROS chemistry and their pleiotropy make them difficult to localize, to quantify and to manipulate — challenges the authors must overcome to translate ROS biology into medical advances.
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) react preferentially with certain atoms to modulate functions ranging from cell homeostasis to cell death. Molecular actions include both inhibition and activation of proteins, mutagenesis of DNA and activation of gene transcription. Cellular actions include promotion or suppression of inflammation, immunity and carcinogenesis. ROS help the host to compete against microorganisms and are also involved in intermicrobial competition. ROS chemistry and their pleiotropy make them difficult to localize, to quantify and to manipulate — challenges we must overcome to translate ROS biology into medical advances.

read more

Content maybe subject to copyright    Report

Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

Age-Related Hearing Loss: The Link between Inflammaging, Immunosenescence, and Gut Dysbiosis

TL;DR: It is postulate that inflammaging, as a result of immunosenescence and gut dysbiosis, accelerates age-related cochlear degeneration, contributing to the development of ARHL.
Journal ArticleDOI

Circulating Irisin Levels and Redox Status Markers in Patients with Gastric Cancer: A Case-Control Study.

TL;DR: The increased serum levels of irisin in GC patients can play a potential role in the early diagnosis of the GC patients; hence, this peptide can be employed as a new diagnostic indicator of GC.
Journal ArticleDOI

cROSsing the Line: Between Beneficial and Harmful Effects of Reactive Oxygen Species in B-Cell Malignancies.

TL;DR: Novel research on the dual role of the reactive oxygen species in B-cell malignancies is reviewed, highlighting the mechanisms of maintaining redox homeostasis by malignant B-cells along with the antioxidant shield provided by the microenvironment.
Journal ArticleDOI

Genetic battle between Helicobacter pylori and humans. The mechanism underlying homologous recombination in bacteria, which can infect human cells.

TL;DR: The roles of homologous recombination with an emphasis on the maintenance of a chronic infection of H. pylori are described.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

Superoxide Dismutase AN ENZYMIC FUNCTION FOR ERYTHROCUPREIN (HEMOCUPREIN)

TL;DR: The demonstration that O2·- can reduce ferricytochrome c and tetranitromethane, and that superoxide dismutase, by competing for the superoxide radicals, can markedly inhibit these reactions, is demonstrated.
Journal ArticleDOI

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as regulators of the immune system.

TL;DR: The origin, mechanisms of expansion and suppressive functions of MDSCs, as well as the potential to target these cells for therapeutic benefit are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Targeting cancer cells by ROS-mediated mechanisms: a radical therapeutic approach?

TL;DR: It is argued that modulating the unique redox regulatory mechanisms of cancer cells might be an effective strategy to eliminate these cells.
Journal ArticleDOI

A role for mitochondria in NLRP3 inflammasome activation

TL;DR: It is shown that mitophagy/autophagy blockade leads to the accumulation of damaged, ROS-generating mitochondria, and this in turn activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, and may explain the frequent association of mitochondrial damage with inflammatory diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI

Biological defense mechanisms. The production by leukocytes of superoxide, a potential bactericidal agent.

TL;DR: O(2) (-) is made by leukocytes under circumstances which suggest that it may be involved in bacterial killing, and is identified as the agent responsible for the leukocyte-mediated reduction of cytochrome c.
Related Papers (5)