scispace - formally typeset
Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Beyond oxidative stress: an immunologist’s guide to reactive oxygen species

Carl Nathan, +1 more
- 01 May 2013 - 
- Vol. 13, Iss: 5, pp 349-361
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
ROS chemistry and their pleiotropy make them difficult to localize, to quantify and to manipulate — challenges the authors must overcome to translate ROS biology into medical advances.
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) react preferentially with certain atoms to modulate functions ranging from cell homeostasis to cell death. Molecular actions include both inhibition and activation of proteins, mutagenesis of DNA and activation of gene transcription. Cellular actions include promotion or suppression of inflammation, immunity and carcinogenesis. ROS help the host to compete against microorganisms and are also involved in intermicrobial competition. ROS chemistry and their pleiotropy make them difficult to localize, to quantify and to manipulate — challenges we must overcome to translate ROS biology into medical advances.

read more

Content maybe subject to copyright    Report

Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

Oxidative Potential Versus Biological Effects: A Review on the Relevance of Cell-Free/Abiotic Assays as Predictors of Toxicity from Airborne Particulate Matter

TL;DR: Current assays for OP in cell-free/abiotic systems appear to have limited value in predicting PM toxicity, and there was little support for consistent association between OP and any other outcome assessed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Doxorubicin Redox Biology: Redox Cycling, Topoisomerase Inhibition, and Oxidative Stress

TL;DR: Key research findings on doxorubicin redox biology are surveyed and emerging concepts, especially the topoisomerase IIb-p53-mitochondrion axis, are discussed that may lead to the development of mechanistically based novel strategies to protect against cardiotoxicity and enhance the effectiveness of doxorbicin therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI

Antimicrobial resistance challenged with metal-based antimicrobial macromolecules.

TL;DR: Recent advances demonstrate the potential of metal-based antimicrobial macromolecules as effective platforms that prevent and treat infections from resistant strains as well as their mechanisms of action and biocompatibility.
Journal ArticleDOI

Rationally Optimized Fluorescent Probe for Imaging Mitochondrial SO2 in HeLa Cells and Zebrafish

TL;DR: FHMI is successfully applied to the mechanistic exploration of the dichotomous effects of mitochondrial SO2 to cells apoptosis, showing that mitochondrialSO2 regulates the early apoptosis of HeLa cells via the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

Superoxide Dismutase AN ENZYMIC FUNCTION FOR ERYTHROCUPREIN (HEMOCUPREIN)

TL;DR: The demonstration that O2·- can reduce ferricytochrome c and tetranitromethane, and that superoxide dismutase, by competing for the superoxide radicals, can markedly inhibit these reactions, is demonstrated.
Journal ArticleDOI

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as regulators of the immune system.

TL;DR: The origin, mechanisms of expansion and suppressive functions of MDSCs, as well as the potential to target these cells for therapeutic benefit are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Targeting cancer cells by ROS-mediated mechanisms: a radical therapeutic approach?

TL;DR: It is argued that modulating the unique redox regulatory mechanisms of cancer cells might be an effective strategy to eliminate these cells.
Journal ArticleDOI

A role for mitochondria in NLRP3 inflammasome activation

TL;DR: It is shown that mitophagy/autophagy blockade leads to the accumulation of damaged, ROS-generating mitochondria, and this in turn activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, and may explain the frequent association of mitochondrial damage with inflammatory diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI

Biological defense mechanisms. The production by leukocytes of superoxide, a potential bactericidal agent.

TL;DR: O(2) (-) is made by leukocytes under circumstances which suggest that it may be involved in bacterial killing, and is identified as the agent responsible for the leukocyte-mediated reduction of cytochrome c.
Related Papers (5)