Journal ArticleDOI
Brain Connectivity: Gender Makes a Difference
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TLDR
The literature provides convergent evidence for a substantial gender difference in brain connectivity within the human brain that possibly underlies gender-related cognitive differences and should be mandatory to take gender into account when designing experiments or interpreting results of brain connectivity/network in health and disease.Abstract:
It has been well known that gender plays a critical role in the anatomy and function of the human brain, as well as human behaviors. Recent neuroimaging studies have demonstrated gender effects on not only focal brain areas but also the connectivity between areas. Specifically, structural MRI and diffusion MRI data have revealed substantial gender differences in white matter-based anatomical connectivity. Structural MRI data further demonstrated gender differences in the connectivity revealed by morphometric correlation among brain areas. Functional connectivity derived from functional neuroimaging (e.g., functional MRI and PET) data is also modulated by gender. Moreover, male and female human brains display differences in the network topology that represents the organizational patterns of brain connectivity across the entire brain. In this review, the authors summarize recent findings in the multimodal brain connectivity/network research with gender, focusing on large-scale data sets derived from modern neuroimaging techniques. The literature provides convergent evidence for a substantial gender difference in brain connectivity within the human brain that possibly underlies gender-related cognitive differences. Therefore, it should be mandatory to take gender into account when designing experiments or interpreting results of brain connectivity/network in health and disease. Future studies will likely be conducted to explore the interdependence between gender-related brain connectivity/network and the gender-specific nature of brain diseases as well as to investigate gender-related characteristics of multimodal brain connectivity/network in the normal brain.read more
Citations
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Clique of Functional Hubs Orchestrates Population Bursts in Developmentally Regulated Neural Networks
TL;DR: A novel mechanism is reported which can explain in neuronal circuits, at an early stage of development, the peculiar role played by a few specific neurons in promoting/arresting the population activity.
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Neural correlates of visuospatial working memory in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls
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Developmental neurogenetics and multimodal neuroimaging of sex differences in autism
Christina Chen,John D. Van Horn +1 more
TL;DR: Examining sex differences in the relationship between neuroanatomy and neurogenetics of ASD finds that girls diagnosed with ASD exhibit more intellectual and behavioral problems compared to their male counterparts, suggesting that girls may be less likely diagnosed in the absence of such problems or that they require a higher mutational load to meet the diagnostic criteria.
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The impact of age and sex on the oscillatory dynamics of visuospatial processing.
Alex I. Wiesman,Tony W. Wilson +1 more
TL;DR: In a large sample spanning a broad age range, a number of prototypical attention and perception network components, both spectrally‐ and spatially‐defined, exhibit complex and uniquely informative relationships with age and sex, indicating sex differences in the evolution of the neural coding of visual perception as age increases.
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Applying microstructural models to understand the role of white matter in cognitive development.
TL;DR: The hypothesis that previously reported correlations between reading skill and diffusion anisotropy in the corpus callosum reflect increased axon water fraction in poor readers is tested and both models support this interpretation, highlighting the utility of these approaches for testing specific hypotheses about cognitive development.
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