Cannabis sativa: The Plant of the Thousand and One Molecules
TLDR
Prospects on the benefits linked to the use of the -omics technologies, such as metabolomics and transcriptomics to speed up the identification and the large-scale production of lead agents from bioengineered Cannabis cell culture, are presented.Abstract:
Cannabis sativa L. is an important herbaceous species originating from Central Asia, which has been used in folk medicine and as a source of textile fiber since the dawn of times. This fast-growing plant has recently seen a resurgence of interest because of its multi-purpose applications: it is indeed a treasure trove of phytochemicals and a rich source of both cellulosic and woody fibers. Equally highly interested in this plant are the pharmaceutical and construction sectors, since its metabolites show potent bioactivities on human health and its outer and inner stem tissues can be used to make bioplastics and concrete-like material, respectively. In this review, the rich spectrum of hemp phytochemicals is discussed by putting a special emphasis on molecules of industrial interest, including cannabinoids, terpenes and phenolic compounds, and their biosynthetic routes. Cannabinoids represent the most studied group of compounds, mainly due to their wide range of pharmaceutical effects in humans, including psychotropic activities. The therapeutic and commercial interests of some terpenes and phenolic compounds, and in particular stilbenoids and lignans, are also highlighted in view of the most recent literature data. Biotechnological avenues to enhance the production and bioactivity of hemp secondary metabolites are proposed by discussing the power of plant genetic engineering and tissue culture. In particular two systems are reviewed, i.e., cell suspension and hairy root cultures. Additionally, an entire section is devoted to hemp trichomes, in the light of their importance as phytochemical factories. Ultimately, prospects on the benefits linked to the use of the -omics technologies, such as metabolomics and transcriptomics to speed up the identification and the large-scale production of lead agents from bioengineered Cannabis cell culture, are presented.read more
Citations
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Evaluation of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) as an industrial crop: a review
Muzammal Rehman,Shah Fahad,Shah Fahad,Guanghui Du,Xia Cheng,Yang Yang,Kailei Tang,Lijun Liu,Feihu Liu,Gang Deng +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review highlights the morphology, adaptability, nutritional constituents, textile use, and medicinal significance of industrial hemp and its usage in environmental conservation, building material, and biofuel production has also been discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thymus vulgaris Essential Oil Protects Zebrafish against Cognitive Dysfunction by Regulating Cholinergic and Antioxidants Systems
Luminita Capatina,Elena Todirascu-Ciornea,Edoardo Napoli,Giuseppe Ruberto,Lucian Hritcu,Gabriela Dumitru +5 more
TL;DR: TEO ameliorated Sco-induced increasing of AChE activity, amnesia, anxiety, and reduced the brain antioxidant capacity, suggesting that TEO may have preventive and/or therapeutic potentials in the management of memory deficits and brain oxidative stress in zebrafish with amnesia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antiproliferative and antioxidant effect of polar hemp extracts (Cannabis sativa L., Fedora cv.) in human colorectal cell lines.
Stefania Moccia,Francesco Siano,Gian Luigi Russo,Maria Grazia Volpe,Francesco La Cara,Severina Pacifico,Simona Piccolella,Gianluca Picariello +7 more
TL;DR: While the extracts from hemp seed and flour did not interfere with growth of Caco-2 and HT-29 cell, the one from oil significantly reduced cell viability after 24 h of treatment, associated with the activation of apoptotic cell death and independent from the antioxidant capacity of the oil polar extract.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extraction of Phenolic Compounds and Terpenes from Cannabis sativa L. By-Products: From Conventional to Intensified Processes.
TL;DR: In this paper, the main categories of phenolic compounds (flavonoids, stilbenoids and lignans) and terpenes (monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes) from C. sativa L. are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cannabis Glandular Trichomes: A Cellular Metabolite Factory
TL;DR: A review of the current understanding of glandular trichomes and their metabolite products can be found in this article, where the authors identify current gaps in knowledge and outline future research directions.
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