Cannabis sativa: The Plant of the Thousand and One Molecules
TLDR
Prospects on the benefits linked to the use of the -omics technologies, such as metabolomics and transcriptomics to speed up the identification and the large-scale production of lead agents from bioengineered Cannabis cell culture, are presented.Abstract:
Cannabis sativa L. is an important herbaceous species originating from Central Asia, which has been used in folk medicine and as a source of textile fiber since the dawn of times. This fast-growing plant has recently seen a resurgence of interest because of its multi-purpose applications: it is indeed a treasure trove of phytochemicals and a rich source of both cellulosic and woody fibers. Equally highly interested in this plant are the pharmaceutical and construction sectors, since its metabolites show potent bioactivities on human health and its outer and inner stem tissues can be used to make bioplastics and concrete-like material, respectively. In this review, the rich spectrum of hemp phytochemicals is discussed by putting a special emphasis on molecules of industrial interest, including cannabinoids, terpenes and phenolic compounds, and their biosynthetic routes. Cannabinoids represent the most studied group of compounds, mainly due to their wide range of pharmaceutical effects in humans, including psychotropic activities. The therapeutic and commercial interests of some terpenes and phenolic compounds, and in particular stilbenoids and lignans, are also highlighted in view of the most recent literature data. Biotechnological avenues to enhance the production and bioactivity of hemp secondary metabolites are proposed by discussing the power of plant genetic engineering and tissue culture. In particular two systems are reviewed, i.e., cell suspension and hairy root cultures. Additionally, an entire section is devoted to hemp trichomes, in the light of their importance as phytochemical factories. Ultimately, prospects on the benefits linked to the use of the -omics technologies, such as metabolomics and transcriptomics to speed up the identification and the large-scale production of lead agents from bioengineered Cannabis cell culture, are presented.read more
Citations
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Nitrogen supply affects cannabinoid and terpenoid profile in medical cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.)
Avia Saloner,Nirit Bernstein +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the impact of Nitrogen application on chemical and functional-physiology phenotyping in medical cannabis at the flowering stage and found that high N supply has adverse effects on the production of secondary compounds in cannabis, while it promotes growth and biomass production.
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Cannabinomics: Application of Metabolomics in Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) Research and Development.
TL;DR: Cannabis research is still in its infancy, and it is highly foreseen that the employment of advanced metabolomics will provide insights that could assist the sector to face the aforementioned challenges.
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The Complex Interactions Between Flowering Behavior and Fiber Quality in Hemp.
TL;DR: The current knowledge of phenotypic and genetic data available for “flowering-time,” “sex determination,’ and “fiber quality” in short-day and dioecious crops, respectively, are reviewed and a picture emerges for several controlling key genes, for which natural genetic variation may lead to desired flowering behavior.
Book ChapterDOI
Neuropharmacological Effects of the Main Phytocannabinoids: A Narrative Review.
TL;DR: An overview of the main neurochemical mechanisms of action of the phytocannabinoids, especially THC and CBD is presented, which could be responsible for their wide therapeutic spectrum and "promiscuous" pharmacology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cannabis Microbiome and the Role of Endophytes in Modulating the Production of Secondary Metabolites: An Overview
M Taghinasab,Suha Jabaji +1 more
TL;DR: This review will consider cannabis microbiota studies and the effects of endophytes on the elicitation of secondary metabolite production in cannabis plants, and aims to shed light on the importance of the cannabis microbiome and how cannabinoid compound concentrations can be stimulated through symbiotic and/or mutualistic relationships withendophytes.
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