Cannabis sativa: The Plant of the Thousand and One Molecules
TLDR
Prospects on the benefits linked to the use of the -omics technologies, such as metabolomics and transcriptomics to speed up the identification and the large-scale production of lead agents from bioengineered Cannabis cell culture, are presented.Abstract:
Cannabis sativa L. is an important herbaceous species originating from Central Asia, which has been used in folk medicine and as a source of textile fiber since the dawn of times. This fast-growing plant has recently seen a resurgence of interest because of its multi-purpose applications: it is indeed a treasure trove of phytochemicals and a rich source of both cellulosic and woody fibers. Equally highly interested in this plant are the pharmaceutical and construction sectors, since its metabolites show potent bioactivities on human health and its outer and inner stem tissues can be used to make bioplastics and concrete-like material, respectively. In this review, the rich spectrum of hemp phytochemicals is discussed by putting a special emphasis on molecules of industrial interest, including cannabinoids, terpenes and phenolic compounds, and their biosynthetic routes. Cannabinoids represent the most studied group of compounds, mainly due to their wide range of pharmaceutical effects in humans, including psychotropic activities. The therapeutic and commercial interests of some terpenes and phenolic compounds, and in particular stilbenoids and lignans, are also highlighted in view of the most recent literature data. Biotechnological avenues to enhance the production and bioactivity of hemp secondary metabolites are proposed by discussing the power of plant genetic engineering and tissue culture. In particular two systems are reviewed, i.e., cell suspension and hairy root cultures. Additionally, an entire section is devoted to hemp trichomes, in the light of their importance as phytochemical factories. Ultimately, prospects on the benefits linked to the use of the -omics technologies, such as metabolomics and transcriptomics to speed up the identification and the large-scale production of lead agents from bioengineered Cannabis cell culture, are presented.read more
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Flavonoid glycosides and cannabinoids from the pollen of Cannabis sativa L.
Samir A. Ross,Mahmoud A. ElSohly,Gazi N. N. Sultana,Zlatko Mehmedic,Chowdhury Faiz Hossain,Suman Chandra +5 more
TL;DR: Chemical investigation of the pollen grain collected from male plants of Cannabis sativa L. resulted in the isolation for the first time of two flavonol glycosides from the methanol extract, and the identification of 16 cannabinoids in the hexane extract.
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Pharmacological evaluation of the natural constituent of Cannabis sativa, cannabichromene and its modulation by Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol☆
TL;DR: Canadian cannabichromene produced a subset of behavioral activity in the tetrad assay and reduced LPS-induced paw edema through a noncannabinoid receptor mechanism of action.
Book ChapterDOI
Hairy root cultures for secondary metabolites production
TL;DR: The present review summarizes updated aspects of the hairy root induction, genetics and metabolite production.
Journal ArticleDOI
Three phenyldihydronaphthalene lignanamides from fruits of Cannabis sativa
TL;DR: Three new lignanamides, named cannabisin B, C and D, were isolated from the fruits of Cannabis sativa and their structures have been elucidated based on spectral and chemical evidence.
Journal ArticleDOI
The inheritance of chemical phenotype in Cannabis sativa L. (III): variation in cannabichromene proportion
TL;DR: The mechanism that controls the proportion of cannabichromene (CBC), a potential pharmaceutical, in the cannabinoid fraction of Cannabis sativa L. is explored and the ability of PJC plants to enable the production of pharmaceutical raw material with high CBC purity is demonstrated.
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