Chemical reporters for biological discovery
Markus Grammel,Howard C. Hang +1 more
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TLDR
How chemical reporters in conjunction with bioorthogonal labeling methods can be used to image and retrieve nucleic acids, proteins, glycans, lipids and other metabolites in vitro, in cells as well as in whole organisms is reviewed.Abstract:
Functional tools are needed to understand complex biological systems. Here we review how chemical reporters in conjunction with bioorthogonal labeling methods can be used to image and retrieve nucleic acids, proteins, glycans, lipids and other metabolites in vitro, in cells as well as in whole organisms. By tagging these biomolecules, researchers can now monitor their dynamics in living systems and discover specific substrates of cellular pathways. These advances in chemical biology are thus providing important tools to characterize biological pathways and are poised to facilitate our understanding of human diseases.read more
Citations
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Small-molecule probes elucidate global enzyme activity in a proteomic context.
TL;DR: The unique roles of smallmolecule probes in proteomics studies are summarized and some recent examples in which this principle has been applied are highlighted.
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Fluorogenic tagging of peptides via Cys residues using thiol-specific vinyl sulfone affinity tags
TL;DR: Vinyl-sulfone bearing chemical reporters have been synthesized and demonstrated to selectively modify cysteine under physiological conditions in the presence of other nucleophilic amino acids, suitable for modification with azide containing fluorogenic labels.
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Evaluation of dipole moment and electrophilicity on the nature of click-type coupling reaction between thioamide and sulfonyl azide
TL;DR: In this paper, a cooperated experimental and computational investigation on sulfonyl amidine formation from thioamides and sulfonyls azides is described, and the data support a non-concerted two-step pathway for the coupling reaction and also indicate that dipole moment of thioamide and electrophilicity of S azide would be significant factors for the reaction efficiency.
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A systematic study of protein labeling by fluorogenic probes using cysteine targeting vinyl sulfone-cyclooctyne tags
Bianka Söveges,Tímea Imre,T. Szende,Á. L. Póti,Gergely B. Cserép,T. Hegedűs,Péter Kele,Krisztina Németh +7 more
TL;DR: The authors' results indicated that conjugation of native proteins by vinyl sulfone linkers was fast and thiol-selective and fulfills all requirements of bioorthogonality.
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A bioorthogonal chemical reporter for the detection and identification of protein lactylation
Yanan Sun,Yanchi Chen,Tao Peng +2 more
TL;DR: An alkynyl-functionalized bioorthogonal chemical reporter, YnLac, is reported, which provides a powerful chemical tool for characterizing protein lactylation and greatly expands the understanding of substrate proteins and functions of this new modification.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: In this paper, a set of powerful, highly reliable, and selective reactions for the rapid synthesis of useful new compounds and combinatorial libraries through heteroatom links (C-X-C), an approach called click chemistry is defined, enabled, and constrained by a handful of nearly perfect "springloaded" reactions.
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Tet proteins can convert 5-methylcytosine to 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine
Shinsuke Ito,Li Shen,Qing Dai,Susan C. Wu,Leonard B. Collins,James A. Swenberg,Chuan He,Yi Zhang +7 more
TL;DR: This study raises the possibility that DNA demethylation may occur through Tet-catalyzed oxidation followed by decarboxylation, and identifies two previously unknown cytosine derivatives in genomic DNA as the products of Tet proteins.
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Tet-Mediated Formation of 5-Carboxylcytosine and Its Excision by TDG in Mammalian DNA
Yu-Fei He,Bin-Zhong Li,Zheng Li,Peng Liu,Yang Wang,Qingyu Tang,Jianping Ding,Yingying Jia,Zhangcheng Chen,Lin Li,Yan Sun,Xiuxue Li,Qing Dai,Chun-Xiao Song,Kangling Zhang,Chuan He,Guoliang Xu +16 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that 5mC and 5hmC in DNA are oxidized to 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) by Tet dioxygenases in vitro and in cultured cells, suggesting that oxidation of 5m C by Tet proteins followed by TDG-mediated base excision of 5caC constitutes a pathway for active DNA demethylation.
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1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions. Past and Future†
TL;DR: In contrast to the very large number of special methods applicable to syntheses in the heterocyclic series, relatively few general methods are available as discussed by the authors, and the 1,3-dipolar addition offers a remarkably wide range of utility in the synthesis of five-membered heterocycles.