Costs and global impacts of black carbon abatement strategies
Kristin Rypdal,Nathan Rive,Terje Koren Berntsen,Zbigniew Klimont,Torben K. Mideksa,Gunnar Myhre,Ragnhild Bieltvedt Skeie +6 more
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors assess future abatement strategies in terms of how much they reduce the climate impact of black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC) from contained combustion.Abstract:
Abatement of particulate matter has traditionally been driven by health concerns rather than its role in global warming. Here we assess future abatement strategies in terms of how much they reduce the climate impact of black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC) from contained combustion. We develop global scenarios which take into account regional differences in climate impact, costs of abatement and ability to pay, as well as both the direct and indirect (snow-albedo) climate impact of BC and OC. To represent the climate impact, we estimate consistent region-specific values of direct and indirect global warming potential (GWP) and global temperature potential (GTP). The indirect GWP has been estimatedusingaphysicalapproachandincludestheeffectofchangeinalbedofromBCdepositedonsnow.Theindirect GWP is highest in the Middle East followed by Russia, Europe and North America, while the total GWP is highest in the Middle East, Africa and South Asia. We conclude that prioritizing emission reductions in Asia represents the most cost-efficient global abatement strategy for BC because Asia is (1) responsible for a large share of total emissions, (2) has lower abatement costs compared to Europe and North America and (3) has large health cobenefits from reduced PM10 emissions.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment
Tami C. Bond,Sarah J. Doherty,David W. Fahey,Piers M. Forster,Terje Koren Berntsen,Benjamin DeAngelo,Mark Flanner,Steven J. Ghan,Bernd Kärcher,Dorothy Koch,Stefan Kinne,Yutaka Kondo,Patricia K. Quinn,Marcus C. Sarofim,Martin G. Schultz,Michael Schulz,Chandra Venkataraman,Hua Zhang,Shiqiu Zhang,Nicolas Bellouin,Sarath K. Guttikunda,Philip K. Hopke,Mark Z. Jacobson,Johannes W. Kaiser,Zbigniew Klimont,Ulrike Lohmann,Joshua P. Schwarz,Drew Shindell,Trude Storelvmo,Stephen G. Warren,Charles S. Zender +30 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provided an assessment of black-carbon climate forcing that is comprehensive in its inclusion of all known and relevant processes and that is quantitative in providing best estimates and uncertainties of the main forcing terms: direct solar absorption; influence on liquid, mixed phase, and ice clouds; and deposition on snow and ice.
Book ChapterDOI
Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing
TL;DR: Myhre et al. as discussed by the authors presented the contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2013: Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative forcing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global air quality and climate
Arlene M. Fiore,Vaishali Naik,Dominick V. Spracklen,Allison L. Steiner,Nadine Unger,Michael J. Prather,Dan Bergmann,Philip Cameron-Smith,Irene Cionni,William J. Collins,S. B. Dalsøren,Veronika Eyring,Gerd A. Folberth,Paul Ginoux,Larry W. Horowitz,Béatrice Josse,Jean-Francois Lamarque,Ian A. MacKenzie,Tatsuya Nagashima,Fiona M. O'Connor,Mattia Righi,S. T. Rumbold,Drew Shindell,Ragnhild Bieltvedt Skeie,Kengo Sudo,Sophie Szopa,Toshihiko Takemura,Guang Zeng +27 more
TL;DR: Estimates from the current generation of chemistry-climate models with RCP emissions project improved air quality over the next century relative to those using the IPCC SRES scenarios, but confidence in air quality projections is limited by the reliability of anthropogenic emission trajectories and the uncertainties in regional climate responses, feedbacks with the terrestrial biosphere, and oxidation pathways affecting O(3) and SOA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluating the climate and air quality impacts of short-lived pollutants
Andreas Stohl,Borgar Aamaas,Markus Amann,Laura Baker,Nicolas Bellouin,Terje Koren Berntsen,Olivier Boucher,Ribu Cherian,William J. Collins,William J. Collins,Nikos Daskalakis,Maria Dusinska,Sabine Eckhardt,Jan S. Fuglestvedt,Mikael Harju,Chris Heyes,Øivind Hodnebrog,Jian Hao,Ulas Im,Ulas Im,Maria Kanakidou,Zbigniew Klimont,Kaarle Kupiainen,Katharine S. Law,Marianne Tronstad Lund,Rob Maas,Claire Macintosh,Gunnar Myhre,Stelios Myriokefalitakis,Dirk Jan Leo Oliviè,Johannes Quaas,Boris Quennehen,Jean-Christophe Raut,S. T. Rumbold,Bjørn Hallvard Samset,Michael Schulz,Øyvind Seland,Keith P. Shine,Ragnhild Bieltvedt Skeie,Shuxiao Wang,Karl Espen Yttri,Tong Zhu +41 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a summary of the work done within the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme project ECLIPSE (Evaluating the Climate and Air Quality Impacts of Short-Lived Pollutants).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon
TL;DR: The second most important contribution to anthropogenic climate warming, after carbon dioxide emissions, was made by black carbon emissions as mentioned in this paper, which is an efficient absorbing agent of solar irradiation that is preferentially emitted in the tropics and can form atmospheric brown clouds in mixture with other aerosols.
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