Diversity of Bifidobacteria within the Infant Gut Microbiota
Francesca Turroni,Francesca Turroni,Clelia Peano,Daniel Antony Pass,Elena Foroni,Marco Severgnini,Marcus J. Claesson,Colm Kerr,Jonathan O'b Hourihane,Deirdre M. Murray,Fabio Fuligni,Miguel Gueimonde,Abelardo Margolles,Gianluca De Bellis,Paul W. O'Toole,Douwe van Sinderen,Julian R. Marchesi,Marco Ventura +17 more
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TLDR
An analysis of pyrosequencing data of PCR amplicons derived from two hypervariable regions of the 16 S rRNA gene revealed a predominance of bifidobacteria in the infant gut as well as a profile of co-occurrence of b ifidobacterial species in the infants’s intestine.Abstract:
Background
The human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) represents one of the most densely populated microbial ecosystems studied to date. Although this microbial consortium has been recognized to have a crucial impact on human health, its precise composition is still subject to intense investigation. Among the GIT microbiota, bifidobacteria represent an important commensal group, being among the first microbial colonizers of the gut. However, the prevalence and diversity of members of the genus Bifidobacterium in the infant intestinal microbiota has not yet been fully characterized, while some inconsistencies exist in literature regarding the abundance of this genus.
Methods/Principal Findings
In the current report, we assessed the complexity of the infant intestinal bifidobacterial population by analysis of pyrosequencing data of PCR amplicons derived from two hypervariable regions of the 16 S rRNA gene. Eleven faecal samples were collected from healthy infants of different geographical origins (Italy, Spain or Ireland), feeding type (breast milk or formula) and mode of delivery (vaginal or caesarean delivery), while in four cases, faecal samples of corresponding mothers were also analyzed.
Conclusions
In contrast to several previously published culture-independent studies, our analysis revealed a predominance of bifidobacteria in the infant gut as well as a profile of co-occurrence of bifidobacterial species in the infant’s intestine.read more
Citations
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Microbiota-mediated colonization resistance against intestinal pathogens.
Charlie G. Buffie,Eric G. Pamer +1 more
TL;DR: How immune- mediated colonization resistance against antibiotic-resistant intestinal pathogens is influenced by the composition of the commensal microbiota is discussed and recent advances characterizing the ability of different Commensal bacterial families, genera and species to restore colonization resistance to intestinal pathogens in antibiotic-treated hosts are reviewed.
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Bacteria as vitamin suppliers to their host: a gut microbiota perspective.
Jean Guy LeBlanc,Christian Milani,Graciela Savoy de Giori,Graciela Savoy de Giori,Fernando Sesma,Douwe van Sinderen,Marco Ventura +6 more
TL;DR: In this review, fermented foods with elevated levels of B-group vitamins produced by LAB used as starter cultures will be covered and genetic abilities for vitamin biosynthesis by selected human gut commensals will be discussed.
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Bifidobacteria and butyrate-producing colon bacteria: Importance and strategies for their stimulation in the human gut
TL;DR: It has been shown that the butyrogenic effects of ITF and AXOS are the result of cross-feeding interactions between bifidobacteria and butyrate-producing colon bacteria, such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Anaerostipes, Eubacterium, and Roseburia species (clostridial cluster XIVa).
Journal ArticleDOI
The First Microbial Colonizers of the Human Gut: Composition, Activities, and Health Implications of the Infant Gut Microbiota
Christian Milani,Sabrina Duranti,Francesca Bottacini,Eoghan Casey,Francesca Turroni,Jennifer Mahony,Clara Belzer,Susana Delgado Palacio,Silvia Arboleya Montes,Leonardo Mancabelli,Gabriele Andrea Lugli,Juan M. Rodríguez,Lars Bode,Willem M. de Vos,Willem M. de Vos,Miguel Gueimonde,Abelardo Margolles,Douwe van Sinderen,Marco Ventura +18 more
TL;DR: The infant microbiota, the mechanisms that drive its establishment and composition, and how microbial consortia may be molded by natural or artificial interventions are described and the relevance of key microbial players of the infant gut microbiota, in particular bifidobacteria, with respect to their role in health and disease are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Decreased gut microbiota diversity, delayed Bacteroidetes colonisation and reduced Th1 responses in infants delivered by Caesarean section
Hedvig E. Jakobsson,Thomas Abrahamsson,Maria C. Jenmalm,Keith Harris,Christopher Quince,Cecilia Jernberg,Bengt Björkstén,Bengt Björkstén,Lars Engstrand,Anders F. Andersson +9 more
TL;DR: How microbiota development in infants is affected by mode of delivery is addressed, and differences in colonisation patterns to the maturation of a balanced Th1/Th2 immune response are related to.
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