Journal ArticleDOI
Doublecortin expression levels in adult brain reflect neurogenesis.
Sebastien Couillard-Despres,Beate Winner,Susanne Schaubeck,Robert Aigner,Maurice Vroemen,Norbert Weidner,Ulrich Bogdahn,Jürgen Winkler,Hans-Georg Kuhn,Ludwig Aigner +9 more
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that quantification of DCX‐expressing cells allows for an accurate measurement of modulations in the rate of adult neurogenesis, and DCX is a valuable alternative to techniques currently used to measure the levels of Neurogenesis.Abstract:
Progress in the field of neurogenesis is currently limited by the lack of tools enabling fast and quantitative analysis of neurogenesis in the adult brain Doublecortin (DCX) has recently been used as a marker for neurogenesis However, it was not clear whether DCX could be used to assess modulations occurring in the rate of neurogenesis in the adult mammalian central nervous system following lesioning or stimulatory factors Using two paradigms increasing neurogenesis levels (physical activity and epileptic seizures), we demonstrate that quantification of DCX-expressing cells allows for an accurate measurement of modulations in the rate of adult neurogenesis Importantly, we excluded induction of DCX expression during physiological or reactive gliogenesis and excluded also DCX re-expression during regenerative axonal growth Our data validate DCX as a reliable and specific marker that reflects levels of adult neurogenesis and its modulation We demonstrate that DCX is a valuable alternative to techniques currently used to measure the levels of neurogenesis Importantly, in contrast to conventional techniques, analysis of neurogenesis through the detection of DCX does not require in vivo labelling of proliferating cells, thereby opening new avenues for the study of human neurogenesis under normal and pathological conditionsread more
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AT1 receptor antagonism does not influence early radiation-induced changes in microglial activation or neurogenesis in the normal rat brain.
TL;DR: Although L-158,809 ameliorates cognitive deficits after whole-brain irradiation, the drug did not mitigate the neuroinflammatory microglial response or rescue neurogenesis, and additional studies are required to elucidate other mechanisms of normal tissue injury that may be modulated by RAAS blockers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Predifferentiated brain-derived adult human progenitor cells migrate toward ischemia after transplantation to the adult rat brain.
Havard Olstorn,Havard Olstorn,Mercy Varghese,Mercy Varghese,Wayne Murrell,Morten C. Moe,Morten C. Moe,Iver A. Langmoen,Iver A. Langmoen +8 more
TL;DR: The plasticity of neural progenitors derived from the adult human brain may be greater than previously assumed in that manipulation before grafting may influence the phenotypes seen in vivo.
Journal ArticleDOI
Defensive behaviors and prosencephalic neurogenesis in pigeons (Columba livia) are affected by environmental enrichment in adulthood
TL;DR: Enriched environment data suggest that enrichment favored behavioral inhibition and neurogenesis in the adult pigeons through different, parallel mechanisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuronal maturation reduces the type I IFN response to orthobunyavirus infection and leads to increased apoptosis of human neurons
Clayton W. Winkler,Tyson A. Woods,Bradley R. Groveman,Aaron B. Carmody,Emily Speranza,Craig Martens,Sonja M. Best,Cathryn L. Haigh,Karin E. Peterson +8 more
TL;DR: These findings indicate that neuronal maturation increases the susceptibility of neurons to LACV-induced apoptosis, and indicates that induction of IFN signaling in developing neurons is an important deciding factor in virus-induced cell death.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells reverses behavioural deficits and impaired neurogenesis caused by prenatal exposure to valproic acid.
TL;DR: It is concluded that post-developmental MSC administration can overcome prenatal neurodevelopmental deficits and restore cognitive and social behaviours via modulation of hippocampal adult neurogenesis.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus
Peter S. Eriksson,Ekaterina Perfilieva,Thomas Björk-Eriksson,Ann Marie Alborn,Claes Nordborg,Daniel A. Peterson,Fred H. Gage +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that new neurons, as defined by these markers, are generated from dividing progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus of adult humans, indicating that the human hippocampus retains its ability to generate neurons throughout life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Subventricular Zone Astrocytes Are Neural Stem Cells in the Adult Mammalian Brain
Fiona Doetsch,Isabelle Caillé,Daniel A. Lim,José Manuel García-Verdugo,Arturo Alvarez-Buylla +4 more
TL;DR: It is shown that SVZ astrocytes act as neural stem cells in both the normal and regenerating brain and give rise to cells that grow into multipotent neurospheres in vitro.
Journal ArticleDOI
Running increases cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that voluntary exercise is sufficient for enhanced neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus, in amounts similar to enrichment conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autoradiographic and histological evidence of postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis in rats
Joseph Altman,Gopal D. Das +1 more
TL;DR: It is postulated that undifferentiated cells migrate postnatally from the forebrain ventricles to the hippocampus where they become differentiated, implicating that they may function as receptors of gonadal hormones.
Journal ArticleDOI
CNS stem cells express a new class of intermediate filament protein.
TL;DR: The predicted amino acid sequence of the nestin gene product shows that nestin defines a distinct sixth class of intermediate filament protein, extending a model in which transitions in intermediate filament gene expression reflect major steps in the pathway of neural differentiation.