Journal ArticleDOI
Doublecortin expression levels in adult brain reflect neurogenesis.
Sebastien Couillard-Despres,Beate Winner,Susanne Schaubeck,Robert Aigner,Maurice Vroemen,Norbert Weidner,Ulrich Bogdahn,Jürgen Winkler,Hans-Georg Kuhn,Ludwig Aigner +9 more
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that quantification of DCX‐expressing cells allows for an accurate measurement of modulations in the rate of adult neurogenesis, and DCX is a valuable alternative to techniques currently used to measure the levels of Neurogenesis.Abstract:
Progress in the field of neurogenesis is currently limited by the lack of tools enabling fast and quantitative analysis of neurogenesis in the adult brain Doublecortin (DCX) has recently been used as a marker for neurogenesis However, it was not clear whether DCX could be used to assess modulations occurring in the rate of neurogenesis in the adult mammalian central nervous system following lesioning or stimulatory factors Using two paradigms increasing neurogenesis levels (physical activity and epileptic seizures), we demonstrate that quantification of DCX-expressing cells allows for an accurate measurement of modulations in the rate of adult neurogenesis Importantly, we excluded induction of DCX expression during physiological or reactive gliogenesis and excluded also DCX re-expression during regenerative axonal growth Our data validate DCX as a reliable and specific marker that reflects levels of adult neurogenesis and its modulation We demonstrate that DCX is a valuable alternative to techniques currently used to measure the levels of neurogenesis Importantly, in contrast to conventional techniques, analysis of neurogenesis through the detection of DCX does not require in vivo labelling of proliferating cells, thereby opening new avenues for the study of human neurogenesis under normal and pathological conditionsread more
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Loss of PINK1 leads to metabolic deficits in adult neural stem cells and impedes differentiation of newborn neurons in the mouse hippocampus
TL;DR: The results reveal a new and important relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired AHN in a genetic PD model and suggest that targeting mitochondrial function and metabolism to increase AHN may hold promise for the treatment of affective disorders and the mitigation of related symptoms in PD and other neurodegenerative conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Etanercept Attenuates Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats by Reducing Brain TNF-α Contents and by Stimulating Newly Formed Neurogenesis
Chong-Un Cheong,Ching-Ping Chang,Chien-Ming Chao,Bor-Chih Cheng,Chung-Zhing Yang,Chung-Ching Chio +5 more
TL;DR: Findings indicate that systemically administered etanercept may penetrate directly into the contused brain tissues and may improve outcomes of TBI by reducing brain contents of TNF-α and by stimulating newly formed neurogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Suppression of enriched environment-induced neurogenesis in a rodent model of neuropathic pain
Mioko Terada,Naoko Kuzumaki,Nana Hareyama,Satoshi Imai,Keiich Niikura,Michiko Narita,Mitsuaki Yamazaki,Tsutomu Suzuki,Minoru Narita,Minoru Narita +9 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that chronic pain has stress-like damaging modulatory effects on hippocampal neurogenesis, and enriched environment-mediated induction of both DCX- and NeuroD-labeled cells is suppressed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Up-regulated fractalkine (FKN) and its receptor CX3CR1 are involved in fructose-induced neuroinflammation: Suppression by curcumin
Min-Xuan Xu,Rong Yu,Li-Fei Shao,Yan-Xiu Zhang,Chen-Xu Ge,Xin-Meng Liu,Wen-Yuan Wu,Jian-Mei Li,Ling-Dong Kong +8 more
TL;DR: Curcumin protected against neuronal damage in hippocampal DG of fructose-fed mice by inhibiting microglia activation and suppressed FKN/CX3CR1 up-regulation in the neuronal network, suggesting a new therapeutic approach to protect against neuronaldamage associated with dietary obesity-associated neuroinflammation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Licensing regulators Geminin and Cdt1 identify progenitor cells of the mouse CNS in a specific phase of the cell cycle.
Magda Spella,O. Britz,Panorea Kotantaki,Zoi Lygerou,Hideo Nishitani,Robert G. Ramsay,C. Flordellis,François Guillemot,Theo Mantamadiotis,Stavros Taraviras +9 more
TL;DR: It is shown here that Geminin and its binding partner Cdt1 are expressed abundantly by neural progenitor cells during early mouse neurogenesis, and in vitro differentiation of adult neurosphere cultures shows downregulation of GeminIn/Cdt1 in the differentiated state.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus
Peter S. Eriksson,Ekaterina Perfilieva,Thomas Björk-Eriksson,Ann Marie Alborn,Claes Nordborg,Daniel A. Peterson,Fred H. Gage +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that new neurons, as defined by these markers, are generated from dividing progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus of adult humans, indicating that the human hippocampus retains its ability to generate neurons throughout life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Subventricular Zone Astrocytes Are Neural Stem Cells in the Adult Mammalian Brain
Fiona Doetsch,Isabelle Caillé,Daniel A. Lim,José Manuel García-Verdugo,Arturo Alvarez-Buylla +4 more
TL;DR: It is shown that SVZ astrocytes act as neural stem cells in both the normal and regenerating brain and give rise to cells that grow into multipotent neurospheres in vitro.
Journal ArticleDOI
Running increases cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that voluntary exercise is sufficient for enhanced neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus, in amounts similar to enrichment conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autoradiographic and histological evidence of postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis in rats
Joseph Altman,Gopal D. Das +1 more
TL;DR: It is postulated that undifferentiated cells migrate postnatally from the forebrain ventricles to the hippocampus where they become differentiated, implicating that they may function as receptors of gonadal hormones.
Journal ArticleDOI
CNS stem cells express a new class of intermediate filament protein.
TL;DR: The predicted amino acid sequence of the nestin gene product shows that nestin defines a distinct sixth class of intermediate filament protein, extending a model in which transitions in intermediate filament gene expression reflect major steps in the pathway of neural differentiation.