Journal ArticleDOI
Doublecortin expression levels in adult brain reflect neurogenesis.
Sebastien Couillard-Despres,Beate Winner,Susanne Schaubeck,Robert Aigner,Maurice Vroemen,Norbert Weidner,Ulrich Bogdahn,Jürgen Winkler,Hans-Georg Kuhn,Ludwig Aigner +9 more
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that quantification of DCX‐expressing cells allows for an accurate measurement of modulations in the rate of adult neurogenesis, and DCX is a valuable alternative to techniques currently used to measure the levels of Neurogenesis.Abstract:
Progress in the field of neurogenesis is currently limited by the lack of tools enabling fast and quantitative analysis of neurogenesis in the adult brain Doublecortin (DCX) has recently been used as a marker for neurogenesis However, it was not clear whether DCX could be used to assess modulations occurring in the rate of neurogenesis in the adult mammalian central nervous system following lesioning or stimulatory factors Using two paradigms increasing neurogenesis levels (physical activity and epileptic seizures), we demonstrate that quantification of DCX-expressing cells allows for an accurate measurement of modulations in the rate of adult neurogenesis Importantly, we excluded induction of DCX expression during physiological or reactive gliogenesis and excluded also DCX re-expression during regenerative axonal growth Our data validate DCX as a reliable and specific marker that reflects levels of adult neurogenesis and its modulation We demonstrate that DCX is a valuable alternative to techniques currently used to measure the levels of neurogenesis Importantly, in contrast to conventional techniques, analysis of neurogenesis through the detection of DCX does not require in vivo labelling of proliferating cells, thereby opening new avenues for the study of human neurogenesis under normal and pathological conditionsread more
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Treatment with edaravone attenuates ischemic brain injury and inhibits neurogenesis in the subventricular zone of adult rats after focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury.
Peng Zhang,Weisong Li,Lu Li,Nanping Wang,Xuqi Li,Ming Gao,Juan Zheng,Shan Lei,Xi Chen,Haixia Lu,Yong Liu +10 more
TL;DR: Administration with edaravone, via repressing HIF-1α signaling pathway, inhibits SVZ neurogenesis in rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and reduces effectively ROS generation and Hif-1 α as well as VEGF protein levels in the ischemic ipsilateral SVZ.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuronal Network Formation from Reprogrammed Early Postnatal Rat Cortical Glial Cells
Robert Blum,Christophe Heinrich,Rodrigo Vega Sánchez,Alexandra Lepier,Eckart D. Gundelfinger,Benedikt Berninger,Magdalena Götz +6 more
TL;DR: A maturation profile of cultured reprogrammed NG2+ and glial fibrillary acidic protein+ glia cells of the postnatal rat cortex that ends with the establishment of a glutamatergic neuronal network is described, implying that a single transcription factor may be sufficient to instruct a neuronal network from a glia-like cell source.
Journal ArticleDOI
Whole-body exposure to 28Si-radiation dose-dependently disrupts dentate gyrus neurogenesis and proliferation in the short term and new neuron survival and contextual fear conditioning in the long term
Cody W. Whoolery,Angela K. Walker,Devon R. Richardson,Melanie J. Lucero,Ryan P. Reynolds,Ryan P. Reynolds,Ryan P. Reynolds,David H. Beddow,K. Lyles Clark,Hung Ying Shih,Junie A. Leblanc,Mara G. Cole,Wellington Z. Amaral,Shibani Mukherjee,Shichuan Zhang,Francisca Ahn,Sarah E. Bulin,Nathan A. DeCarolis,Phillip D. Rivera,Benjamin P C Chen,Sanghee Yun,Sanghee Yun,Amelia J. Eisch,Amelia J. Eisch,Amelia J. Eisch +24 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that 28Si-radiation exposure damages neurogenesis, but to a lesser extent than 56Fe radiation and that low-dose 28Si exposure induces abnormalities in hippocampal function, disrupting fear memory but also inducing anxiety-like behavior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transplantation of stem cells from the adult human brain to the adult rat brain.
TL;DR: It is shown that adult human NPCs survive, show targeted migration, proliferate, and differentiate after grafting into the adult rat brain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Unliganded thyroid hormone receptor alpha1 impairs adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
Richa Kapoor,Max van Hogerlinden,Karin Wallis,Himanish Ghosh,Kristina Nordström,Björn Vennström,Vidita A. Vaidya +6 more
TL;DR: Evidence is provided of a role for unliganded TRα1 in modulating the deleterious effects of hypothyroidism on adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and opposing effects on neurogenic markers like polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule and stathmin.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus
Peter S. Eriksson,Ekaterina Perfilieva,Thomas Björk-Eriksson,Ann Marie Alborn,Claes Nordborg,Daniel A. Peterson,Fred H. Gage +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that new neurons, as defined by these markers, are generated from dividing progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus of adult humans, indicating that the human hippocampus retains its ability to generate neurons throughout life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Subventricular Zone Astrocytes Are Neural Stem Cells in the Adult Mammalian Brain
Fiona Doetsch,Isabelle Caillé,Daniel A. Lim,José Manuel García-Verdugo,Arturo Alvarez-Buylla +4 more
TL;DR: It is shown that SVZ astrocytes act as neural stem cells in both the normal and regenerating brain and give rise to cells that grow into multipotent neurospheres in vitro.
Journal ArticleDOI
Running increases cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that voluntary exercise is sufficient for enhanced neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus, in amounts similar to enrichment conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autoradiographic and histological evidence of postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis in rats
Joseph Altman,Gopal D. Das +1 more
TL;DR: It is postulated that undifferentiated cells migrate postnatally from the forebrain ventricles to the hippocampus where they become differentiated, implicating that they may function as receptors of gonadal hormones.
Journal ArticleDOI
CNS stem cells express a new class of intermediate filament protein.
TL;DR: The predicted amino acid sequence of the nestin gene product shows that nestin defines a distinct sixth class of intermediate filament protein, extending a model in which transitions in intermediate filament gene expression reflect major steps in the pathway of neural differentiation.