Journal ArticleDOI
Doublecortin expression levels in adult brain reflect neurogenesis.
Sebastien Couillard-Despres,Beate Winner,Susanne Schaubeck,Robert Aigner,Maurice Vroemen,Norbert Weidner,Ulrich Bogdahn,Jürgen Winkler,Hans-Georg Kuhn,Ludwig Aigner +9 more
TLDR
It is demonstrated that quantification of DCX‐expressing cells allows for an accurate measurement of modulations in the rate of adult neurogenesis, and DCX is a valuable alternative to techniques currently used to measure the levels of Neurogenesis.Abstract:
Progress in the field of neurogenesis is currently limited by the lack of tools enabling fast and quantitative analysis of neurogenesis in the adult brain Doublecortin (DCX) has recently been used as a marker for neurogenesis However, it was not clear whether DCX could be used to assess modulations occurring in the rate of neurogenesis in the adult mammalian central nervous system following lesioning or stimulatory factors Using two paradigms increasing neurogenesis levels (physical activity and epileptic seizures), we demonstrate that quantification of DCX-expressing cells allows for an accurate measurement of modulations in the rate of adult neurogenesis Importantly, we excluded induction of DCX expression during physiological or reactive gliogenesis and excluded also DCX re-expression during regenerative axonal growth Our data validate DCX as a reliable and specific marker that reflects levels of adult neurogenesis and its modulation We demonstrate that DCX is a valuable alternative to techniques currently used to measure the levels of neurogenesis Importantly, in contrast to conventional techniques, analysis of neurogenesis through the detection of DCX does not require in vivo labelling of proliferating cells, thereby opening new avenues for the study of human neurogenesis under normal and pathological conditionsread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Wnt signalling regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis
Dieter Chichung Lie,Sophia A. Colamarino,Hongjun Song,Hongjun Song,Laurent Désiré,Helena Mira,Antonella Consiglio,Edward S. Lein,Sebastian Jessberger,Heather Lansford,Alejandro R. Dearie,Fred H. Gage +11 more
TL;DR: It is shown that adult hippocampal stem/progenitor cells (AHPs) express receptors and signalling components for Wnt proteins, which are key regulators of neural stem cell behaviour in embryonic development, and that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is active and that Wnt3 is expressed in the hippocampal neurogenic niche.
Journal ArticleDOI
Notch signalling regulates stem cell numbers in vitro and in vivo.
Andreas Androutsellis-Theotokis,Ronen R. Leker,Frank Soldner,Daniel J. Hoeppner,Rea Ravin,Steve W. Poser,Maria Adele Rueger,Soo-Kyung Bae,Raja Kittappa,Ronald D.G. McKay +9 more
TL;DR: Notch receptor activation induces the expression of the specific target genes hairy and enhancer of split 3 and Sonic hedgehog through rapid activation of cytoplasmic signals, including the serine/threonine kinase Akt, the transcription factor STAT3 and mammalian target of rapamycin, and thereby promotes the survival of neural stem cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Neurovascular Niche for Neurogenesis after Stroke
TL;DR: A novel brain environment for neuronal regeneration after stroke is defined and molecular mechanisms that are shared between angiogenesis and neurogenesis during functional recovery from brain injury are identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
In vivo fate analysis reveals the multipotent and self-renewal capacities of Sox2+ neural stem cells in the adult hippocampus.
TL;DR: An asymmetric contribution of Sox2+ NSCs may play an important role in maintaining the constant size of the NSC pool and producing newly born neurons during adult neurogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Systemic administration of exosomes released from mesenchymal stromal cells promote functional recovery and neurovascular plasticity after stroke in rats.
TL;DR: It is suggested that intravenous administration of cell-free MSC-generated exosomes post stroke improves functional recovery and enhances neurite remodeling, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis and represents a novel treatment for stroke.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Protective effect of neurofilament heavy gene overexpression in motor neuron disease induced by mutant superoxide dismutase
Sebastien Couillard-Despres,Qinzhang Zhu,Philip C. Wong,Donald L. Price,Don W. Cleveland,Jean-Pierre Julien +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the role of neurofilaments in motor neuron disease caused by superoxide dismutase (SOD1) mutations was investigated, where transgenic mice expressing a amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-linked SOD1 mutant (sOD1G37R) were mated with transgen mice expressing human neurofilament heavy (NF-H) subunits.
Protective effect of neurofilament heavy gene overexpression in motor neuron disease induced by mutant superoxide dismutase (amyotrophic lateral sclerosisytransgenic miceyintermediate filaments)
TL;DR: Although massive neurodegeneration occurred in 1-yr-old mice expressing S OD1(G37R) alone, spinal root axons and motor neurons were remarkably spared in doubly SOD1( G37R);NF-H-transgenic littermates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Depletion of 43-kD growth-associated protein in primary sensory neurons leads to diminished formation and spreading of growth cones.
Ludwig Aigner,Pico Caroni +1 more
TL;DR: It is reported that neurite outgrowth and morphology depended on the levels of GAP-43 in the neurons in a substrate-specific manner and may be involved in the potentiation of growth cone responses to external signals affecting process formation and guidance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Disruption of type IV intermediate filament network in mice lacking the neurofilament medium and heavy subunits.
Hélène Jacomy,Qinzang Zhu,Sebastien Couillard-Despres,Jean-Martin Beaulieu,Jean-Pierre Julien +4 more
TL;DR: A requirement of the high‐molecular‐weight subunits for the assembly of type IV intermediate filament proteins and for the efficient translocation of NF‐L proteins into the axonal compartment is demonstrated.
Journal ArticleDOI
High stability of Discosoma DsRed as compared to Aequorea EGFP.
Vladislav V. Verkhusha,Irina M. Kuznetsova,Olesia V. Stepanenko,Andrey G. Zaraisky,Michail M. Shavlovsky,Konstantin K. Turoverov,Vladimir N. Uversky +6 more
TL;DR: The remarkable fluorescence stability of DsRed under the all conditions that have been studied is attributed to a significant extent to its tetrameric organization, and can be used as a genetic reporter and advanced population marker with a significantly extended intracellular lifespan.