Journal ArticleDOI
Doublecortin expression levels in adult brain reflect neurogenesis.
Sebastien Couillard-Despres,Beate Winner,Susanne Schaubeck,Robert Aigner,Maurice Vroemen,Norbert Weidner,Ulrich Bogdahn,Jürgen Winkler,Hans-Georg Kuhn,Ludwig Aigner +9 more
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that quantification of DCX‐expressing cells allows for an accurate measurement of modulations in the rate of adult neurogenesis, and DCX is a valuable alternative to techniques currently used to measure the levels of Neurogenesis.Abstract:
Progress in the field of neurogenesis is currently limited by the lack of tools enabling fast and quantitative analysis of neurogenesis in the adult brain Doublecortin (DCX) has recently been used as a marker for neurogenesis However, it was not clear whether DCX could be used to assess modulations occurring in the rate of neurogenesis in the adult mammalian central nervous system following lesioning or stimulatory factors Using two paradigms increasing neurogenesis levels (physical activity and epileptic seizures), we demonstrate that quantification of DCX-expressing cells allows for an accurate measurement of modulations in the rate of adult neurogenesis Importantly, we excluded induction of DCX expression during physiological or reactive gliogenesis and excluded also DCX re-expression during regenerative axonal growth Our data validate DCX as a reliable and specific marker that reflects levels of adult neurogenesis and its modulation We demonstrate that DCX is a valuable alternative to techniques currently used to measure the levels of neurogenesis Importantly, in contrast to conventional techniques, analysis of neurogenesis through the detection of DCX does not require in vivo labelling of proliferating cells, thereby opening new avenues for the study of human neurogenesis under normal and pathological conditionsread more
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Impact of Actin Filament Stabilization on Adult Hippocampal and Olfactory Bulb Neurogenesis
Golo Kronenberg,Karen Gertz,Tina Baldinger,Imke Kirste,Sarah Eckart,Ferah Yildirim,Shengbo Ji,Isabella Heuser,Helmut Schröck,Heide Hörtnagl,Reinhard Sohr,Pierre Chryso Djoufack,René Jüttner,Rainer Glass,Ingo Przesdzing,Jitender Kumar,Dorette Freyer,Rainer Hellweg,Helmut Kettenmann,Klaus Fink,Matthias Endres +20 more
TL;DR: Surprisingly, hippocampal neurogenesis was robustly induced by gelsolin deficiency and was associated with a special microenvironment characterized by enhanced density of perfused vessels, increased regional cerebral blood flow, and increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in hippocampus.
Journal ArticleDOI
The diabetes drug semaglutide reduces infarct size, inflammation, and apoptosis, and normalizes neurogenesis in a rat model of stroke.
Xiaoyan Yang,Peng Feng,Xiangjian Zhang,Dongfang Li,Rui-Fang Wang,Chenhui Ji,Guanglai Li,Christian Hölscher +7 more
TL;DR: Semaglutide is a promising candidate for re-purposing as a stroke treatment as seen in increased neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and a normalization of biomarkers for Neurogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mobilization of Endogenous Bone Marrow Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Therapeutic Potential of Parathyroid Hormone after Ischemic Stroke in Mice
Li-Li Wang,Li-Li Wang,Dongdong Chen,Jin Hwan Lee,Xiaohuan Gu,Ghina Alaaeddine,Jimei Li,Ling Wei,Shan Ping Yu +8 more
TL;DR: The data suggests that PTH therapy improves endogenous repair mechanisms after ischemic stroke with functional benefits, and Mobilizing endogenous bone marrow-derived stem cells/progenitor cells using PTH and other mobilizers appears an effective and feasible regenerative treatment after isChemic stroke.
Journal ArticleDOI
Allopregnanolone Preclinical Acute Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Studies to Predict Tolerability and Efficacy for Alzheimer’s Disease
Ronald W. Irwin,Christine M. Solinsky,Carlos M. Loya,Francesco G. Salituro,Kathleen E. Rodgers,Gerhard Bauer,Michael A. Rogawski,Roberta Diaz Brinton +7 more
TL;DR: Outcomes of these PK/PD studies predict a safe and efficacious dose range for initial clinical trials of allopregnanolone for Alzheimer’s disease and have translational relevance to multiple neurodegenerative conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Post-stroke estradiol treatment enhances neurogenesis in the subventricular zone of rats after permanent focal cerebral ischemia.
Juan Zheng,Peng Zhang,Xuqi Li,Shan Lei,Weisong Li,Xijing He,Jianshui Zhang,Nanping Wang,Cunfang Qi,Xi Chen,Haixia Lu,Yang Liu +11 more
TL;DR: It is indicated that post-stroke estradiol administration promotes SVZ neurogenesis in rats, probably by increasing HIF-1α and VEGF protein expression.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus
Peter S. Eriksson,Ekaterina Perfilieva,Thomas Björk-Eriksson,Ann Marie Alborn,Claes Nordborg,Daniel A. Peterson,Fred H. Gage +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that new neurons, as defined by these markers, are generated from dividing progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus of adult humans, indicating that the human hippocampus retains its ability to generate neurons throughout life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Subventricular Zone Astrocytes Are Neural Stem Cells in the Adult Mammalian Brain
Fiona Doetsch,Isabelle Caillé,Daniel A. Lim,José Manuel García-Verdugo,Arturo Alvarez-Buylla +4 more
TL;DR: It is shown that SVZ astrocytes act as neural stem cells in both the normal and regenerating brain and give rise to cells that grow into multipotent neurospheres in vitro.
Journal ArticleDOI
Running increases cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that voluntary exercise is sufficient for enhanced neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus, in amounts similar to enrichment conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autoradiographic and histological evidence of postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis in rats
Joseph Altman,Gopal D. Das +1 more
TL;DR: It is postulated that undifferentiated cells migrate postnatally from the forebrain ventricles to the hippocampus where they become differentiated, implicating that they may function as receptors of gonadal hormones.
Journal ArticleDOI
CNS stem cells express a new class of intermediate filament protein.
TL;DR: The predicted amino acid sequence of the nestin gene product shows that nestin defines a distinct sixth class of intermediate filament protein, extending a model in which transitions in intermediate filament gene expression reflect major steps in the pathway of neural differentiation.