Drug discovery in prostate cancer mouse models
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TLDR
Overall, mouse modeling is an essential part of prostate cancer research and drug discovery and emerging technologies and better and ever-increasing forms of communication are moving the field in a hopeful direction.Abstract:
Introduction: The mouse is an important, though imperfect, organism with which to model human disease and to discover and test novel drugs in a preclinical setting. Many experimental strategies have been used to discover new biological and molecular targets in the mouse, with the hopes of translating these discoveries into novel drugs to treat prostate cancer in humans. Modeling prostate cancer in the mouse, however, has been challenging, and often drugs that work in mice have failed in human trials.Areas covered: The authors discuss the similarities and differences between mice and men; the types of mouse models that exist to model prostate cancer; practical questions one must ask when using a mouse as a model; and potential reasons that drugs do not often translate to humans. They also discuss the current value in using mouse models for drug discovery to treat prostate cancer and what needs are still unmet in field.Expert opinion: With proper planning and following practical guidelines by the researcher...read more
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A comparative encyclopedia of DNA elements in the mouse genome
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TL;DR: The results of an international collaboration to produce a high-quality draft sequence of the mouse genome are reported and an initial comparative analysis of the Mouse and human genomes is presented, describing some of the insights that can be gleaned from the two sequences.
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One-step generation of mice carrying mutations in multiple genes by CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome engineering.
Haoyi Wang,Hui Yang,Chikdu S. Shivalila,Meelad M. Dawlaty,Albert W. Cheng,Feng Zhang,Feng Zhang,Rudolf Jaenisch +7 more
TL;DR: The CRISPR/Cas system allows the one-step generation of animals carrying mutations in multiple genes, an approach that will greatly accelerate the in vivo study of functionally redundant genes and of epistatic gene interactions.
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RAG-1-deficient mice have no mature B and T lymphocytes
Peter Mombaerts,John Iacomini,Randall S. Johnson,Karl Herrup,Susumu Tonegawa,Virginia E. Papaioannou +5 more
TL;DR: The introduction of a mutation in RAG-1 into the germline of mice via gene targeting in embryonic stem cells is described and it is shown that this mutation either activates or catalyzes the V(D)J recombination reaction of immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
RAG-2-deficient mice lack mature lymphocytes owing to inability to initiate V(D)J rearrangement
Yoichi Shinkai,Gary Rathbun,Kong-Peng Lam,E. M. Oltz,Valerie Stewart,Monica Mendelsohn,Jean Charron,Milton Datta,Faith Young,Alan M. Stall,Frederick W. Alt +10 more
TL;DR: Loss of RAG-2 function in vivo results in total inability to initiate V(D)J rearrangement, leading to a novel severe combined immune deficient (SCID) phenotype.
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