Journal ArticleDOI
Flood Basalts and Hot-Spot Tracks: Plume Heads and Tails
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TLDR
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes, thought to result from deep mantle plumes.Abstract:
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes. The largest flood basalt events mark the earliest volcanic activity of many major hot spots, which are thought to result from deep mantle plumes. The relative volumes of melt and eruption rates of flood basalts and hot spots as well as their temporal and spatial relations can be explained by a model of mantle plume initiation: Flood basalts represent plume "heads" and hot spots represent continuing magmatism associated with the remaining plume conduit or "tail." Continental rifting is not required, although it commonly follows flood basalt volcanism, and flood basalt provinces may occur as a natural consequence of the initiation of hot-spot activity in ocean basins as well as on continents.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mantle potential temperature estimates and primary melt compositions of the low-ti emeishan flood basalt
J. G. Shellnutt,Thuy Thanh Pham +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors calculated the mantle potential temperature (TP) and primary liquids compositions using PRIMELT3 for low-Ti (Ti/Y < 500) Emeishan basalt as they represent definite liquid compositions.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the cause of continental breakup: A simple analysis in terms of driving mechanisms of plate tectonics and mantle plumes
Yaoling Niu,Yaoling Niu +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a readily understandable geological analysis on the likely driving mechanisms of plate tectonics and mantle plumes, which leads to the conclusion that continental breakup is a straightforward consequence of plate-tectonics without requiring mantle plume.
Journal ArticleDOI
Geology and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the middle Miocene McDermitt volcanic field, Oregon and Nevada: Silicic volcanism associated with propagating flood basalt dikes at initiation of the Yellowstone hotspot
Book ChapterDOI
7.03 – Laboratory Studies of Mantle Convection
A. Davaille,A. Limare +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the results obtained in the laboratory on gravitational instabilities (Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities and Rayleigh-Benard convection) and on more specific mantle features such as plumes, mixing, accretion, and subduction are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toward a boot strap hypothesis of plate tectonics: Feedbacks between plates, the asthenosphere, and the wavelength of mantle convection
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use suites of numerical experiments to show how long wavelength flow and the operation of plate tectonics can generate and maintain an asthenosphere, and how an anasthenosphere can maintain long-wavelength flow and plate-tectonics.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
Robert S. White,Dan McKenzie +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the production of magmatically active rifted margins and the effusion of flood basalts onto the adjacent continents can be explained by a simple model of rifting above a thermal anomaly in the underlying mantle.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Volume and Composition of Melt Generated by Extension of the Lithosphere
Dan McKenzie,Mike J. Bickle +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Geochim. cosmochim. acta
Book ChapterDOI
Plate Motions and Deep Mantle Convection
TL;DR: In this article, a scheme of deep mantle convection is proposed in which narrow plumes of deep material rise and then spread out radially in the asthenosphere, and thus their strikes show the direction the plates were moving as they were formed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deccan flood basalts at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary?
Vincent Courtillot,Jean Besse,Didier Vandamme,Raymond Montigny,Jean-Jacques Jaeger,Henri Cappetta +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Deccan continental flood basalts in India have been considered and it was suggested that volcanic activity may have lasted less than 1 Ma, thus possibly ranking as one of the largest volcanic catastrophes in the last 200 Ma.
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Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
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