Journal ArticleDOI
Flood Basalts and Hot-Spot Tracks: Plume Heads and Tails
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TLDR
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes, thought to result from deep mantle plumes.Abstract:
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes. The largest flood basalt events mark the earliest volcanic activity of many major hot spots, which are thought to result from deep mantle plumes. The relative volumes of melt and eruption rates of flood basalts and hot spots as well as their temporal and spatial relations can be explained by a model of mantle plume initiation: Flood basalts represent plume "heads" and hot spots represent continuing magmatism associated with the remaining plume conduit or "tail." Continental rifting is not required, although it commonly follows flood basalt volcanism, and flood basalt provinces may occur as a natural consequence of the initiation of hot-spot activity in ocean basins as well as on continents.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mantle mixing and continental breakup magmatism
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate that sublithospheric convection driven by surface cooling can bring up dense fertile mantle without a thermal anomaly, and this multi-scale mantle mixing could potentially explain a variety of hotspot phenomenology as well as the formation of both volcanic and non-volcanic rifted margins.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-term interaction between mid-ocean ridges and mantle plumes
Joanne M. Whittaker,Juan Carlos Afonso,Sheona Masterton,Ralph Müller,Paul Wessel,Simon Williams,Maria Seton +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, plate tectonic reconstructions reveal long-lived interactions between mantle plumes and mid-ocean ridges that imply feedback between plate boundaries and the deep mantle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Permian basaltic rocks in the Tarim basin, NW China: Implications for plume-lithosphere interaction
TL;DR: Li et al. as mentioned in this paper showed that the Permian basaltic rocks in the Tarim basin (PBRT) in northwestern China show complex Sr-Nd isotopic character based on which they can be subdivided into two distinct groups: group 1 has relatively small initial (t = 280 ǫ)87Sr/86Sr ratio (∼ 0.7060-0.7048) and positive eNd(t) (3.42-4.66) values.
Journal ArticleDOI
Continental margin off Western India and Deccan Large Igneous Province
Axel Todal,Olav Edholm +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors estimate an original extrusive area of at least 1.8×106 km2, and a volume >1.8 × 106 km3, and suggest a plate tectonic model comprising: (1) development of the Seychelles microplate by fan-shaped spreading in the Mascarene Basin, and continental extension followed by fanshaped spreading between India and the Seyschelles during A29-27 time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Re-Os isotopic compositions of picrites from the Emeishan flood basalt province, China
TL;DR: In this article, the first Re-Os isotope data for Emeishan flood basalt province was presented, and the results indicated that there was no clear evidence for recycled crustal material in the mantle source of the EMEishan picrites, or for a significant degree of interaction of the picrites with ancient subcontinental lithospheric mantle of the Yangtze craton.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
Robert S. White,Dan McKenzie +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the production of magmatically active rifted margins and the effusion of flood basalts onto the adjacent continents can be explained by a simple model of rifting above a thermal anomaly in the underlying mantle.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Volume and Composition of Melt Generated by Extension of the Lithosphere
Dan McKenzie,Mike J. Bickle +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Geochim. cosmochim. acta
Book ChapterDOI
Plate Motions and Deep Mantle Convection
TL;DR: In this article, a scheme of deep mantle convection is proposed in which narrow plumes of deep material rise and then spread out radially in the asthenosphere, and thus their strikes show the direction the plates were moving as they were formed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deccan flood basalts at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary?
Vincent Courtillot,Jean Besse,Didier Vandamme,Raymond Montigny,Jean-Jacques Jaeger,Henri Cappetta +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Deccan continental flood basalts in India have been considered and it was suggested that volcanic activity may have lasted less than 1 Ma, thus possibly ranking as one of the largest volcanic catastrophes in the last 200 Ma.
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Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
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