Journal ArticleDOI
Flood Basalts and Hot-Spot Tracks: Plume Heads and Tails
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TLDR
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes, thought to result from deep mantle plumes.Abstract:
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes. The largest flood basalt events mark the earliest volcanic activity of many major hot spots, which are thought to result from deep mantle plumes. The relative volumes of melt and eruption rates of flood basalts and hot spots as well as their temporal and spatial relations can be explained by a model of mantle plume initiation: Flood basalts represent plume "heads" and hot spots represent continuing magmatism associated with the remaining plume conduit or "tail." Continental rifting is not required, although it commonly follows flood basalt volcanism, and flood basalt provinces may occur as a natural consequence of the initiation of hot-spot activity in ocean basins as well as on continents.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hf isotopic characteristics of the Tarim Permian large igneous province rocks of NW China: Implication for the magmatic source and evolution
Zilong Li,Yinqi Li,Hanlin Chen,M. Santosh,Shufeng Yang,Yi-Gang Xu,Charles H. Langmuir,Zhongxing Chen,Xing Yu,Siyuan Zou +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report systematic Hf isotope data from basalt, diabase, olivine pyroxenite and syenitic porphyry from the Tarim large igneous province (TLIP) and address the source components and magma evolution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cretaceous alkaline lamprophyres from northeastern Czech Republic: geochemistry and petrogenesis
Jarda Dostal,J. V. Owen +1 more
TL;DR: The lamprophyres are typically alkaline as shown by high contents of P2O5, TiO2, alkalies and incompatible trace elements such as light REE, Zr, Nb, Y, Ba and Sr, and by high Ti/V (>50) and chondrite-normalized (La/Yb)n (8−25) ratios as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Using platinum-group elements to investigate the origin of the Ontong Java Plateau, SW Pacific
James C. Ely,Clive R. Neal +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the origin of the Ontong Java Plateau (OJP) is explored by examining platinum-group element (PGE) abundances in fractionated basalts from the islands of Malaita and Makira in the Solomon Islands.
Journal ArticleDOI
Insights from North America's failed Midcontinent Rift into the evolution of continental rifts and passive continental margins
Seth Stein,Carol A. Stein,Reece P. Elling,Jonas Kley,G. Randy Keller,M. E. Wysession,Tyrone O. Rooney,Andrew Frederiksen,Robert Moucha +8 more
TL;DR: The midcontinent rift (MCR) as mentioned in this paper is an example of an active and passive continental margin that was formed at a plate boundary and the huge igneous rock volume of a Large Igneous Province.
Journal ArticleDOI
An 850–820 Ma LIP dismembered during breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent and destroyed by Early Paleozoic continental subduction in the northern Tibetan Plateau, NW China.
Xin Xu,Shuguang Song,Mark B. Allen,Richard E. Ernst,Richard E. Ernst,Yaoling Niu,Yaoling Niu,Li Su +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, a fragmented Large Igneous Province (LIP) formed at 850-820 Ma in the northern margin of the Qaidam block, northern Tibetan Plateau (named herein as the “NorthQaidam LIP”).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
Robert S. White,Dan McKenzie +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the production of magmatically active rifted margins and the effusion of flood basalts onto the adjacent continents can be explained by a simple model of rifting above a thermal anomaly in the underlying mantle.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Volume and Composition of Melt Generated by Extension of the Lithosphere
Dan McKenzie,Mike J. Bickle +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Geochim. cosmochim. acta
Book ChapterDOI
Plate Motions and Deep Mantle Convection
TL;DR: In this article, a scheme of deep mantle convection is proposed in which narrow plumes of deep material rise and then spread out radially in the asthenosphere, and thus their strikes show the direction the plates were moving as they were formed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deccan flood basalts at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary?
Vincent Courtillot,Jean Besse,Didier Vandamme,Raymond Montigny,Jean-Jacques Jaeger,Henri Cappetta +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Deccan continental flood basalts in India have been considered and it was suggested that volcanic activity may have lasted less than 1 Ma, thus possibly ranking as one of the largest volcanic catastrophes in the last 200 Ma.
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Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
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