Journal ArticleDOI
Flood Basalts and Hot-Spot Tracks: Plume Heads and Tails
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TLDR
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes, thought to result from deep mantle plumes.Abstract:
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes. The largest flood basalt events mark the earliest volcanic activity of many major hot spots, which are thought to result from deep mantle plumes. The relative volumes of melt and eruption rates of flood basalts and hot spots as well as their temporal and spatial relations can be explained by a model of mantle plume initiation: Flood basalts represent plume "heads" and hot spots represent continuing magmatism associated with the remaining plume conduit or "tail." Continental rifting is not required, although it commonly follows flood basalt volcanism, and flood basalt provinces may occur as a natural consequence of the initiation of hot-spot activity in ocean basins as well as on continents.read more
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Geophysical implications for the formation of the Tamu Massif─the Earth's largest single volcano─within the Shatsky Rise in the northwest Pacific Ocean
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used seismic refraction and reflection data from the Tamu Massif in the northwest Pacific Ocean to understand the formation of this immense volcano and to test the formation hypotheses of large igneous province volcanism.
Dissertation
Geochronology and Geochemistry of the Tristan-Gough Hotspot Track
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the age distribution of volcanism along the Tristan-Gough volcanic track and the Rio Grande Rise with a detailed high-quality 40Ar/39Ar age data set on mineral separates.
Dissertation
Subsidence mechanisms of sedimentary basins developed over accretionary crust
TL;DR: In this paper, a 1-D finite difference computer code was developed to model conductive heat flow through a column of cooling lithosphere and asthenosphere and found the subsidence patterns to be consistent with the decay of a plume head which thinned the lithosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Geochemistry of Cretaceous basalts from the Ontong Java Plateau: Implications for the off-axis plume–ridge interaction
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported new major, trace-element, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions from volcanic rocks from Ocean Drilling Program Sites 1183, 1185, 1186, and 1187 of the Ontong Java Plateau (OJP).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
Robert S. White,Dan McKenzie +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the production of magmatically active rifted margins and the effusion of flood basalts onto the adjacent continents can be explained by a simple model of rifting above a thermal anomaly in the underlying mantle.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Volume and Composition of Melt Generated by Extension of the Lithosphere
Dan McKenzie,Mike J. Bickle +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Geochim. cosmochim. acta
Book ChapterDOI
Plate Motions and Deep Mantle Convection
TL;DR: In this article, a scheme of deep mantle convection is proposed in which narrow plumes of deep material rise and then spread out radially in the asthenosphere, and thus their strikes show the direction the plates were moving as they were formed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deccan flood basalts at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary?
Vincent Courtillot,Jean Besse,Didier Vandamme,Raymond Montigny,Jean-Jacques Jaeger,Henri Cappetta +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Deccan continental flood basalts in India have been considered and it was suggested that volcanic activity may have lasted less than 1 Ma, thus possibly ranking as one of the largest volcanic catastrophes in the last 200 Ma.
Related Papers (5)
Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
Robert S. White,Dan McKenzie +1 more