Journal ArticleDOI
Flood Basalts and Hot-Spot Tracks: Plume Heads and Tails
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes, thought to result from deep mantle plumes.Abstract:
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes. The largest flood basalt events mark the earliest volcanic activity of many major hot spots, which are thought to result from deep mantle plumes. The relative volumes of melt and eruption rates of flood basalts and hot spots as well as their temporal and spatial relations can be explained by a model of mantle plume initiation: Flood basalts represent plume "heads" and hot spots represent continuing magmatism associated with the remaining plume conduit or "tail." Continental rifting is not required, although it commonly follows flood basalt volcanism, and flood basalt provinces may occur as a natural consequence of the initiation of hot-spot activity in ocean basins as well as on continents.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Ultramafic Xenoliths from Kutch, Northwest India: Plume-Related Mantle Samples?
TL;DR: The Deccan flood basalt province of west-central India has been linked to the Reunion plume, and reconstructions suggest that the Kutch region was over the plume at the time of the deccan volcanism at as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of thermal diffusion on the stability of strongly tilted mantle plume tails
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of thermal diffusion on the stability of strongly tilted mantle plume tails is explored by investigating experimentally and numerically the gravitational instability of a rising horizontal cylindrical region of buoyant viscous fluid.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mantle convection : A review
TL;DR: In this paper, an integrated model for tectonic and structural evolution of the mantle in the Earth and other terrestrial planets is presented. But the model assumes that the rigidly moving plates occur on the Earth because the rupture strength of plate margins is sufficiently low, while that of plate interiors is high enough to inhibit spontaneous formation of new plate boundaries by the weight of the plates themselves.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the state of sublithospheric upper mantle beneath a supercontinent
Jun Korenaga,Thomas H. Jordan +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a simple upper-mantle convection problem with thick cratonic lithosphere is considered through finite element modeling, and strong three dimensionality is exhibited in their solutions, and the planform of convection is largely affected by the bottom topography of continental lithosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
A paleolatitude reconstruction of the South Armenian Block (Lesser Caucasus) for the Late Cretaceous : Constraints on the Tethyan realm
Maud J.M. Meijers,Maud J.M. Meijers,B. Smith,Uwe Kirscher,Marily Mensink,Marc Sosson,Yann Rolland,Araik Grigoryan,Lilit Sahakyan,Ara Avagyan,Cor G. Langereis,Carla Müller +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the South Armenian Block's position in the Tethys ocean between post-Triassic rifting from the African margin and post-Cretaceous collision with Eurasia was determined.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
Robert S. White,Dan McKenzie +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the production of magmatically active rifted margins and the effusion of flood basalts onto the adjacent continents can be explained by a simple model of rifting above a thermal anomaly in the underlying mantle.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Volume and Composition of Melt Generated by Extension of the Lithosphere
Dan McKenzie,Mike J. Bickle +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Geochim. cosmochim. acta
Book ChapterDOI
Plate Motions and Deep Mantle Convection
TL;DR: In this article, a scheme of deep mantle convection is proposed in which narrow plumes of deep material rise and then spread out radially in the asthenosphere, and thus their strikes show the direction the plates were moving as they were formed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deccan flood basalts at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary?
Vincent Courtillot,Jean Besse,Didier Vandamme,Raymond Montigny,Jean-Jacques Jaeger,Henri Cappetta +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Deccan continental flood basalts in India have been considered and it was suggested that volcanic activity may have lasted less than 1 Ma, thus possibly ranking as one of the largest volcanic catastrophes in the last 200 Ma.
Related Papers (5)
Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
Robert S. White,Dan McKenzie +1 more