Journal ArticleDOI
Flood Basalts and Hot-Spot Tracks: Plume Heads and Tails
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TLDR
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes, thought to result from deep mantle plumes.Abstract:
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes. The largest flood basalt events mark the earliest volcanic activity of many major hot spots, which are thought to result from deep mantle plumes. The relative volumes of melt and eruption rates of flood basalts and hot spots as well as their temporal and spatial relations can be explained by a model of mantle plume initiation: Flood basalts represent plume "heads" and hot spots represent continuing magmatism associated with the remaining plume conduit or "tail." Continental rifting is not required, although it commonly follows flood basalt volcanism, and flood basalt provinces may occur as a natural consequence of the initiation of hot-spot activity in ocean basins as well as on continents.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Radiogenic isotope characteristics of the Mesoproterozoic intrusive rocks of the Nipigon Embayment, northwestern Ontario
TL;DR: The ca. 1110-1120 Ma diabase sills of the Nipigon Embayment represent the oldest phase of the Midcontinent Rift recognized to date.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plume formation in strongly temperature-dependent viscosity fluids over a very hot surface
Y. Ke,Viatcheslav S. Solomatov +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a simple analysis of plume formation using the stagnant lid convection theory and Canright and Morris' theory of Rayleigh-Taylor instability of two layers with different viscosities is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Elemental and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope geochemistry of the Florianópolis Dyke Swarm (Paraná Magmatic Province): crustal contamination and mantle source constraints
Leila Soares Marques,A. De Min,Eduardo R.V. Rocha-Júnior,Marly Babinski,Giuliano Bellieni,Ana Maria Graciano Figueiredo +5 more
TL;DR: The Florianopolis Dyke Swarm is located in Santa Catarina Island, comprising also the adjacent continental area, and belongs to the Parana Magmatic Province (PMP) as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Late Cretaceous (99-69 Ma) basaltic intraplate volcanism on and around Zealandia: Tracing upper mantle geodynamics from Hikurangi Plateau collision to Gondwana breakup and beyond
Kaj Hoernle,Kaj Hoernle,Christian Timm,Christian Timm,Folkmar Hauff,V. Tappenden,Reinhard Werner,Ester M. Jolis,Nick Mortimer,Steve Weaver,Florian Riefstahl,Florian Riefstahl,Karsten Gohl +12 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report new geochemical (major and trace element and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotope) data for Late Cretaceous (99-69 Ma) volcanism from Zealandia, which include the calc-alkalic, subduction-related Mount Somers (99 -96 Ma) and four intraplate igneous provinces: 1) Hikurangi Seamount Province (99,88 Ma), 2) Marlborough Igneous Province (98-94 Ma), 3) Westland Ignes Province (92
Journal ArticleDOI
Break-up spots: Could the Pacific open as a consequence of plate kinematics?
Valérie Clouard,Muriel Gerbault +1 more
TL;DR: The South Central Pacific is the location of an abnormal concentration of intraplate volcanism as mentioned in this paper, and the authors of this paper propose to explain its occurrence in relation to the Pacific plate geometry and kinematics.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
Robert S. White,Dan McKenzie +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the production of magmatically active rifted margins and the effusion of flood basalts onto the adjacent continents can be explained by a simple model of rifting above a thermal anomaly in the underlying mantle.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Volume and Composition of Melt Generated by Extension of the Lithosphere
Dan McKenzie,Mike J. Bickle +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Geochim. cosmochim. acta
Book ChapterDOI
Plate Motions and Deep Mantle Convection
TL;DR: In this article, a scheme of deep mantle convection is proposed in which narrow plumes of deep material rise and then spread out radially in the asthenosphere, and thus their strikes show the direction the plates were moving as they were formed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deccan flood basalts at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary?
Vincent Courtillot,Jean Besse,Didier Vandamme,Raymond Montigny,Jean-Jacques Jaeger,Henri Cappetta +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Deccan continental flood basalts in India have been considered and it was suggested that volcanic activity may have lasted less than 1 Ma, thus possibly ranking as one of the largest volcanic catastrophes in the last 200 Ma.
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Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
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