Journal ArticleDOI
Flood Basalts and Hot-Spot Tracks: Plume Heads and Tails
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TLDR
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes, thought to result from deep mantle plumes.Abstract:
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes. The largest flood basalt events mark the earliest volcanic activity of many major hot spots, which are thought to result from deep mantle plumes. The relative volumes of melt and eruption rates of flood basalts and hot spots as well as their temporal and spatial relations can be explained by a model of mantle plume initiation: Flood basalts represent plume "heads" and hot spots represent continuing magmatism associated with the remaining plume conduit or "tail." Continental rifting is not required, although it commonly follows flood basalt volcanism, and flood basalt provinces may occur as a natural consequence of the initiation of hot-spot activity in ocean basins as well as on continents.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
New insights into the origin and evolution of the Hikurangi oceanic plateau
TL;DR: One of the major goals of the R/V Sonne SO168 ZEALANDIA expedition (depart Wellington, 3 December 2002, return Christchurch, 15 January 2003) was to investigate the Hikurangi oceanic plateau off the east coast of New Zealand as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Magmas Erupted during the Main Pulse of Siberian Traps Volcanism were Volatile-poor
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors acknowledge Trinity Hall (Cambridge, UK) for providing a Mann Studentship towards their PhD studies, and the Centre for Physics of Geological Processes, University of Oslo, provided the fieldwork funding.
Journal ArticleDOI
Preserved paleo-oceanic plateaus in accretionary complexes: Implications for the contributions of the Pacific superplume to global environmental change
TL;DR: This paper investigated the mid-Cretaceous plume pulse in relation to paleo-oceanic plateaus from accretionary prisms in the circum-Pacific region, and correlated the Pacific superplume activity with catastrophic environmental changes since the Neoproterozoic.
Journal ArticleDOI
Age and geochemistry of the Beata Ridge: Primary formation during the main phase (~89 Ma) of the Caribbean large Igneous Province
Antje Dürkefälden,Kaj Hoernle,Kaj Hoernle,Folkmar Hauff,Jo-Anne Wartho,Paul van den Bogaard,Reinhard Werner +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported new 40Ar/39Ar age and geochemical (major and trace element, Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb isotope) data for the recovered magmatic samples.
Journal ArticleDOI
Velocity–depth ambiguity and the seismic structure of large igneous provinces: a case study from the Ontong Java Plateau
TL;DR: In this article, a practical strategy is suggested to estimate the model uncertainty by explicitly exploring the degree of velocity-depth ambiguity in the model space, and wide-angle seismic data collected over the Ontong Java Plateau are revisited to provide a worked example of the new approach.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
Robert S. White,Dan McKenzie +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the production of magmatically active rifted margins and the effusion of flood basalts onto the adjacent continents can be explained by a simple model of rifting above a thermal anomaly in the underlying mantle.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Volume and Composition of Melt Generated by Extension of the Lithosphere
Dan McKenzie,Mike J. Bickle +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Geochim. cosmochim. acta
Book ChapterDOI
Plate Motions and Deep Mantle Convection
TL;DR: In this article, a scheme of deep mantle convection is proposed in which narrow plumes of deep material rise and then spread out radially in the asthenosphere, and thus their strikes show the direction the plates were moving as they were formed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deccan flood basalts at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary?
Vincent Courtillot,Jean Besse,Didier Vandamme,Raymond Montigny,Jean-Jacques Jaeger,Henri Cappetta +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Deccan continental flood basalts in India have been considered and it was suggested that volcanic activity may have lasted less than 1 Ma, thus possibly ranking as one of the largest volcanic catastrophes in the last 200 Ma.
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Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
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