Journal ArticleDOI
Flood Basalts and Hot-Spot Tracks: Plume Heads and Tails
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TLDR
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes, thought to result from deep mantle plumes.Abstract:
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes. The largest flood basalt events mark the earliest volcanic activity of many major hot spots, which are thought to result from deep mantle plumes. The relative volumes of melt and eruption rates of flood basalts and hot spots as well as their temporal and spatial relations can be explained by a model of mantle plume initiation: Flood basalts represent plume "heads" and hot spots represent continuing magmatism associated with the remaining plume conduit or "tail." Continental rifting is not required, although it commonly follows flood basalt volcanism, and flood basalt provinces may occur as a natural consequence of the initiation of hot-spot activity in ocean basins as well as on continents.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
RESEARCH FOCUS: The geodynamics of mantle melting
TL;DR: Basaltic volcanism is the result of partial melting of the Earth's mantle as discussed by the authors, which is related to plate tectonics through decompression melting of shallow sublithospheric mantle in regions of lithospheric regions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Was There Land on the Early Earth
TL;DR: A recent mini-review as mentioned in this paper provides an up-to-date account on the possibility of exposed land on the early Earth by integrating recent geological and geophysical findings, concluding that exposed land is a prerequisite for a certain type of prebiotic chemical evolution in which the oscillating activity of water driven by short-term, day-night, and seasonal cycles facilitates the synthesis of proto-biopolymers.
Dissertation
Interaction des différentes échelles de convection dans le manteau terrestre
TL;DR: In this paper, the mouvements de fluides visqueux dans une cuve chauffe lateralement and refroidie par le dessus were examined experimentally.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemical heterogeneity of the Emeishan mantle plume: Evidence from highly siderophile element abundances in picrites
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive study of highly siderophile element (HSE) concentrations in picrites from the ca. 260 Ma Emeishan large igneous province was conducted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Basaltic accumulation instability and chaotic plate motion in the earliest mantle inferred from numerical experiments
Kunihiro Fujita,Masaki Ogawa +1 more
TL;DR: A series of self-consistent numerical models of mantle convection with magmatism and moving plates are presented to clarify the dynamics of the strongly heated mantle of the earliest Earth as discussed by the authors.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
Robert S. White,Dan McKenzie +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the production of magmatically active rifted margins and the effusion of flood basalts onto the adjacent continents can be explained by a simple model of rifting above a thermal anomaly in the underlying mantle.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Volume and Composition of Melt Generated by Extension of the Lithosphere
Dan McKenzie,Mike J. Bickle +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Geochim. cosmochim. acta
Book ChapterDOI
Plate Motions and Deep Mantle Convection
TL;DR: In this article, a scheme of deep mantle convection is proposed in which narrow plumes of deep material rise and then spread out radially in the asthenosphere, and thus their strikes show the direction the plates were moving as they were formed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deccan flood basalts at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary?
Vincent Courtillot,Jean Besse,Didier Vandamme,Raymond Montigny,Jean-Jacques Jaeger,Henri Cappetta +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Deccan continental flood basalts in India have been considered and it was suggested that volcanic activity may have lasted less than 1 Ma, thus possibly ranking as one of the largest volcanic catastrophes in the last 200 Ma.
Related Papers (5)
Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
Robert S. White,Dan McKenzie +1 more