Journal ArticleDOI
Flood Basalts and Hot-Spot Tracks: Plume Heads and Tails
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TLDR
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes, thought to result from deep mantle plumes.Abstract:
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes. The largest flood basalt events mark the earliest volcanic activity of many major hot spots, which are thought to result from deep mantle plumes. The relative volumes of melt and eruption rates of flood basalts and hot spots as well as their temporal and spatial relations can be explained by a model of mantle plume initiation: Flood basalts represent plume "heads" and hot spots represent continuing magmatism associated with the remaining plume conduit or "tail." Continental rifting is not required, although it commonly follows flood basalt volcanism, and flood basalt provinces may occur as a natural consequence of the initiation of hot-spot activity in ocean basins as well as on continents.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence for late eocene emplacement of the Malaita Terrane, Solomon Islands: implications for an even larger Ontong Java Nui oceanic plateau
TL;DR: The Malaita Terrane has been shown to have been fixed to the Solomon Islands Arc from at least the Late Eocene as mentioned in this paper, which is the earliest known evidence for its emplacement on the arc.
Journal ArticleDOI
Flow patterns in the Siberian traps deduced from magnetic fabric studies
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) of 183 basaltic samples from 28 individual lava flows belonging to the northwestern part of the flood basalt province, in order to test the reliability of such data in structural interpretation.
Tectonism and Magmatism during NE Atlantic continental break-up : the V*ring margin
TL;DR: In this paper, a tectono-magmatic model is proposed in which the ascending proto-Iceland plume released the rifting, over a > 300 km wide zone, by uplift-induced extension of the NE Atlantic lithosphere already affected by tensional stresses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Crustal Structure of the Greenland‐Iceland Ridge from Joint Refraction and Reflection Seismic Tomography
TL;DR: In this paper, a reanalysis of active-source wide-angle seismic data collected along the Greenland- Iceland Ridge during the 1996 Seismic Investigation of the Greenland Margin (SIGMA) experiment is reported.
Book ChapterDOI
Mechanisms of Continental Crust Growth
M. Stein,Z. Ben-Avraham +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on several themes related to the mechanism of continental crust growth, including the steady state versus episodic growth, expressed by the Armstrong-Moorbath debate, the Reymer and Schubert dilemma, and various solutions to this dilemma.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
Robert S. White,Dan McKenzie +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the production of magmatically active rifted margins and the effusion of flood basalts onto the adjacent continents can be explained by a simple model of rifting above a thermal anomaly in the underlying mantle.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Volume and Composition of Melt Generated by Extension of the Lithosphere
Dan McKenzie,Mike J. Bickle +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Geochim. cosmochim. acta
Book ChapterDOI
Plate Motions and Deep Mantle Convection
TL;DR: In this article, a scheme of deep mantle convection is proposed in which narrow plumes of deep material rise and then spread out radially in the asthenosphere, and thus their strikes show the direction the plates were moving as they were formed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deccan flood basalts at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary?
Vincent Courtillot,Jean Besse,Didier Vandamme,Raymond Montigny,Jean-Jacques Jaeger,Henri Cappetta +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Deccan continental flood basalts in India have been considered and it was suggested that volcanic activity may have lasted less than 1 Ma, thus possibly ranking as one of the largest volcanic catastrophes in the last 200 Ma.
Related Papers (5)
Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
Robert S. White,Dan McKenzie +1 more