Human intestinal microbiota composition is associated with local and systemic inflammation in obesity
Froukje J. Verdam,Susana Fuentes,Charlotte de Jonge,Erwin G. Zoetendal,Runi Erbil,Jan Greve,Wim A. Buurman,Willem M. de Vos,Sander S. Rensen +8 more
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TLDR
The relationship between microbiota composition, intestinal permeability, and inflammation in nonobese and obese subjects was investigated and it was found that gut microbiota composition and inflammation are related to obesity.Abstract:
Objective
Intestinal microbiota have been suggested to contribute to the development of obesity, but the mechanism remains elusive. The relationship between microbiota composition, intestinal permeability, and inflammation in nonobese and obese subjects was investigated.
Design and Methods
Fecal microbiota composition of 28 subjects (BMI 18.6-60.3 kg m−2) was analyzed by a phylogenetic profiling microarray. Fecal calprotectin and plasma C-reactive protein levels were determined to evaluate intestinal and systemic inflammation. Furthermore, HbA1c, and plasma levels of transaminases and lipids were analyzed. Gastroduodenal, small intestinal, and colonic permeability were assessed by a multisaccharide test.
Results
Based on microbiota composition, the study population segregated into two clusters with predominantly obese (15/19) or exclusively nonobese (9/9) subjects. Whereas intestinal permeability did not differ between clusters, the obese cluster showed reduced bacterial diversity, a decreased Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, and an increased abundance of potential proinflammatory Proteobacteria. Interestingly, fecal calprotectin was only detectable in subjects within the obese microbiota cluster (n = 8/19, P = 0.02). Plasma C-reactive protein was also increased in these subjects (P = 0.0005), and correlated with the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio (rs = −0.41, P = 0.03).
Conclusions
Intestinal microbiota alterations in obese subjects are associated with local and systemic inflammation, suggesting that the obesity-related microbiota composition has a proinflammatory effect.read more
Citations
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Precision Medicine on the Effects of Microbiota on Head–Neck Diseases and Biomarkers Diagnosis
Angelo M Inchingolo,G Malcangi,Fabio Piras,Giulia Palmieri,Vito Settanni,Silvio Buongiorno,Elisabetta de Ruvo,Alessio Danilo Inchingolo,Antonio Mancini,Francesco Inchingolo,Gianna Dipalma,Gianluca M. Tartaglia,Assunta Patano +12 more
TL;DR: In this article , a literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed to analyze the various interactions between microorganisms, biomarkers, and oral cancer, and the correlation between oral diseases/cancers and changes in the microbiota explains the increasing utility of precision medicine in enhancing diagnosis and adapting treatment on the individual components of the microbiota.
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Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities receiving enteral nutrition: A pilot study.
Yoko Nakai,Shohei Akagawa,S Fujishiro,Yuko Akagawa,Mitsuru Yamagishi,Sohsaku Yamanouchi,Takahisa Kimata,Atsushi Ohashi,Masaki Hashiyada,Atsushi Akane,Shoji Tsuji,Kazunari Kaneko +11 more
TL;DR: Children with SMID showed dysbiosis with alteration in the microbial diversity, which could partly be attributed to their low dietary fiber intake, and further studies, with the intervention of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics are warranted to improve Dysbiosis in children with SMIDs.
The impact of California table grapes on intestinal inflammation and microbiota in mice fed an american type diet
TL;DR: Whole powdered California table grapes improved a marker of gut barrier function and a metabolic profile that was positively correlated with changes in microbiota in mice fed a butter-rich diet, and these findings are expected to contribute insight for the development of dietary strategies using table grapes for decreasing obesity.
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Dietary Intake of Vitamin D and Dental Caries Incidence in People with Overweight and Obesity
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated the relationship between anthropometric indicators and peculiarities of the nutritional intake in people with overweight and obesity and the risk factors for the development of dental caries in adults.
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Nocturnal Light Pollution Induces Weight Gain in Mice and Reshapes the Structure, Functions, and Interactions of Their Colonic Microbiota
José Sarmiento,Rodrigo Pulgar,Dinka Mandakovic,Omar Mendoza Porras,Carlos A. Flores,Diego Luco,Carlos A. Trujillo,Briam Díaz-Esquivel,Cinthya Alvarez,Alejandro Acevedo,Marcelo A. Catalán +10 more
TL;DR: Results show that bacterial taxa and microbial metabolic pathways might be involved with the mechanisms underlying weight gain in mice subjected to light contamination at night.
References
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Ruth E. Ley,Fredrik Bäckhed,Peter J. Turnbaugh,Catherine A. Lozupone,Robin D. Knight,Jeffrey I. Gordon +5 more
TL;DR: Analysis of the microbiota of genetically obese ob/ob mice, lean ob/+ and wild-type siblings, and their ob/+ mothers, all fed the same polysaccharide-rich diet, indicates that obesity affects the diversity of the gut microbiota and suggests that intentional manipulation of community structure may be useful for regulating energy balance in obese individuals.
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The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage
Fredrik Bäckhed,Hao Ding,Hao Ding,Ting Wang,Lora V. Hooper,Gou Young Koh,Andras Nagy,Clay F. Semenkovich,Jeffrey I. Gordon +8 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes
Junjie Qin,Yingrui Li,Zhiming Cai,Shenghui Li,Jianfeng Zhu,Fan Zhang,Suisha Liang,Wenwei Zhang,Yuanlin Guan,Dongqian Shen,Yangqing Peng,Dongya Zhang,Zhuye Jie,Wenxian Wu,Youwen Qin,Wenbin Xue,Junhua Li,Lingchuan Han,Donghui Lu,Peixian Wu,Yali Dai,Xiaojuan Sun,Zesong Li,Aifa Tang,Shilong Zhong,Xiaoping Li,Weineng Chen,Ran Xu,Mingbang Wang,Qiang Feng,Meihua Gong,Jing Yu,Yanyan Zhang,Ming Zhang,Torben Hansen,Gaston Sanchez,Jeroen Raes,Gwen Falony,Shujiro Okuda,Mathieu Almeida,Emmanuelle Le-chatelier,Pierre Renault,Nicolas Pons,Jean-Michel Batto,Zhaoxi Zhang,Hua Chen,Ruifu Yang,Wei-Mou Zheng,Songgang Li,Huanming Yang,Jian Wang,S. Dusko Ehrlich,Rasmus Nielsen,Oluf Pedersen,Oluf Pedersen,Karsten Kristiansen,Jun Wang +56 more
TL;DR: MGWAS analysis showed that patients with type 2 diabetes were characterized by a moderate degree of gut microbial dysbiosis, a decrease in the abundance of some universal butyrate-producing bacteria and an increase in various opportunistic pathogens, as well as an enrichment of other microbial functions conferring sulphate reduction and oxidative stress resistance.