Human intestinal microbiota composition is associated with local and systemic inflammation in obesity
Froukje J. Verdam,Susana Fuentes,Charlotte de Jonge,Erwin G. Zoetendal,Runi Erbil,Jan Greve,Wim A. Buurman,Willem M. de Vos,Sander S. Rensen +8 more
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TLDR
The relationship between microbiota composition, intestinal permeability, and inflammation in nonobese and obese subjects was investigated and it was found that gut microbiota composition and inflammation are related to obesity.Abstract:
Objective
Intestinal microbiota have been suggested to contribute to the development of obesity, but the mechanism remains elusive. The relationship between microbiota composition, intestinal permeability, and inflammation in nonobese and obese subjects was investigated.
Design and Methods
Fecal microbiota composition of 28 subjects (BMI 18.6-60.3 kg m−2) was analyzed by a phylogenetic profiling microarray. Fecal calprotectin and plasma C-reactive protein levels were determined to evaluate intestinal and systemic inflammation. Furthermore, HbA1c, and plasma levels of transaminases and lipids were analyzed. Gastroduodenal, small intestinal, and colonic permeability were assessed by a multisaccharide test.
Results
Based on microbiota composition, the study population segregated into two clusters with predominantly obese (15/19) or exclusively nonobese (9/9) subjects. Whereas intestinal permeability did not differ between clusters, the obese cluster showed reduced bacterial diversity, a decreased Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, and an increased abundance of potential proinflammatory Proteobacteria. Interestingly, fecal calprotectin was only detectable in subjects within the obese microbiota cluster (n = 8/19, P = 0.02). Plasma C-reactive protein was also increased in these subjects (P = 0.0005), and correlated with the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio (rs = −0.41, P = 0.03).
Conclusions
Intestinal microbiota alterations in obese subjects are associated with local and systemic inflammation, suggesting that the obesity-related microbiota composition has a proinflammatory effect.read more
Citations
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Circadian rhythms and the gut microbiota: from the metabolic syndrome to cancer.
TL;DR: The role of intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolites in mediating the effects of disruption of circadian rhythms on human health is discussed.
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The stool microbiota of insulin resistant women with recent gestational diabetes, a high risk group for type 2 diabetes
Marina Fugmann,Michaela Breier,Marietta Rottenkolber,F Banning,Uta Ferrari,V Sacco,Harald Grallert,Klaus G. Parhofer,Jochen Seissler,Thomas Clavel,Andreas Lechner +10 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that distinctive features of the intestinal microbiota are already present in young adults at risk for type 2 diabetes and that further investigations of a potential pathophysiological role of gut bacteria in early T2D development are warranted.
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Postoperative Changes in Fecal Bacterial Communities and Fermentation Products in Obese Patients Undergoing Bilio-Intestinal Bypass.
Vania Patrone,Elia Vajana,Andrea Minuti,Maria Luisa Callegari,Alessandro Federico,Carmela Loguercio,Marcello Dallio,Salvatore Tolone,Ludovico Docimo,Lorenzo Morelli +9 more
TL;DR: The gut microbial ecology of 11 severely obese patients before and after bilio-intestinal bypass (BIB) was assessed, with an overall decrease of bacterial diversity, with a significant reduction in Lachnospiraceae, Clostridiaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Eubacteri Families, and Coriobacteriaceae.
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Soy and Gut Microbiota: Interaction and Implication for Human Health.
TL;DR: It was found that consumption of soy foods can increase the levels of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli and alter the ratio between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, which are consistent with reported reductions in pathogenic bacteria populations in the gut, thereby lowering the risk of diseases and leading to beneficial effects on human health.
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Analysis of gut microbiota of obese individuals with type 2 diabetes and healthy individuals.
Aftab Ahmad,Wanwei Yang,Guofang Chen,Muhammad Shafiq,Sundus Javed,Syed Shujaat Ali Zaidi,Ramla Shahid,Chao Liu,Habib Bokhari +8 more
TL;DR: The gut microbiota signature of 60 Pakistani adults was studied and it was revealed that bacteria from Firmicutes were predominant along with those from Clostridia and Negativicutes, whereas bacteria from Verrucomicrobia, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Elusimicrobia were less abundant among the obese T2DM patients.
References
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Ruth E. Ley,Fredrik Bäckhed,Peter J. Turnbaugh,Catherine A. Lozupone,Robin D. Knight,Jeffrey I. Gordon +5 more
TL;DR: Analysis of the microbiota of genetically obese ob/ob mice, lean ob/+ and wild-type siblings, and their ob/+ mothers, all fed the same polysaccharide-rich diet, indicates that obesity affects the diversity of the gut microbiota and suggests that intentional manipulation of community structure may be useful for regulating energy balance in obese individuals.
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The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage
Fredrik Bäckhed,Hao Ding,Hao Ding,Ting Wang,Lora V. Hooper,Gou Young Koh,Andras Nagy,Clay F. Semenkovich,Jeffrey I. Gordon +8 more
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A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes
Junjie Qin,Yingrui Li,Zhiming Cai,Shenghui Li,Jianfeng Zhu,Fan Zhang,Suisha Liang,Wenwei Zhang,Yuanlin Guan,Dongqian Shen,Yangqing Peng,Dongya Zhang,Zhuye Jie,Wenxian Wu,Youwen Qin,Wenbin Xue,Junhua Li,Lingchuan Han,Donghui Lu,Peixian Wu,Yali Dai,Xiaojuan Sun,Zesong Li,Aifa Tang,Shilong Zhong,Xiaoping Li,Weineng Chen,Ran Xu,Mingbang Wang,Qiang Feng,Meihua Gong,Jing Yu,Yanyan Zhang,Ming Zhang,Torben Hansen,Gaston Sanchez,Jeroen Raes,Gwen Falony,Shujiro Okuda,Mathieu Almeida,Emmanuelle Le-chatelier,Pierre Renault,Nicolas Pons,Jean-Michel Batto,Zhaoxi Zhang,Hua Chen,Ruifu Yang,Wei-Mou Zheng,Songgang Li,Huanming Yang,Jian Wang,S. Dusko Ehrlich,Rasmus Nielsen,Oluf Pedersen,Oluf Pedersen,Karsten Kristiansen,Jun Wang +56 more
TL;DR: MGWAS analysis showed that patients with type 2 diabetes were characterized by a moderate degree of gut microbial dysbiosis, a decrease in the abundance of some universal butyrate-producing bacteria and an increase in various opportunistic pathogens, as well as an enrichment of other microbial functions conferring sulphate reduction and oxidative stress resistance.