Journal ArticleDOI
Human rabies: neuropathogenesis, diagnosis, and management
Thiravat Hemachudha,Gabriella Ugolini,Supaporn Wacharapluesadee,Witaya Sungkarat,Shanop Shuangshoti,Jiraporn Laothamatas +5 more
TLDR
The shorter survival of patients with furious rabies compared with those with paralytic rabies closely corresponds to the greater amount of virus and lower immune response in the CNS of Patients with the furious form.Abstract:
Rabies is an almost invariably fatal disease that can present as classic furious rabies or paralytic rabies. Recovery has been reported in only a few patients, most of whom were infected with bat rabies virus variants, and has been associated with promptness of host immune response and spontaneous (immune) virus clearance. Viral mechanisms that have evolved to minimise damage to the CNS but enable the virus to spread might explain why survivors have overall good functional recovery. The shorter survival of patients with furious rabies compared with those with paralytic rabies closely corresponds to the greater amount of virus and lower immune response in the CNS of patients with the furious form. Rabies virus is present in the CNS long before symptom onset: subclinical anterior horn cell dysfunction and abnormal brain MRI in patients with furious rabies are evident days before brain symptoms develop. How the virus produces its devastating effects and how it selectively impairs behaviour in patients with furious rabies and the peripheral nerves of patients with paralytic rabies is beginning to be understood. However, to develop a pragmatic treatment strategy, a thorough understanding of the neuropathogenetic mechanisms is needed.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Should travellers to rabies-endemic countries be pre-exposure vaccinated? An assessment of post-exposure prophylaxis and pre-exposure prophylaxis given to Danes travelling to rabies-endemic countries 2000-12.
TL;DR: The yearly increases in PEP and PrEP are parallel to the yearly increase in number of travelers, and can thus be explained by the increased rate of traveling, and not by a rise in awareness of rabies risk or more bites per traveler.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comprehensive Analysis of Codon Usage on Rabies Virus and Other Lyssaviruses
TL;DR: It is found that RABV has the lowest codon usage bias among lyssaviruses strains, evidenced by its high mean effective number of codons (ENC) and natural selection is the driving force in shaping thecodon usage pattern of these strains.
Book ChapterDOI
Rabies in terrestrial animals
Thomas Müller,Conrad M. Freuling +1 more
TL;DR: Rabies, mankind's oldest known zoonotic disease, is caused by single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses of the Lyssavirus genus, family Rhabdoviridae of the Mononegavirales order and distribution of terrestrial rabies encompasses all continents, with the exception of Antarctica and Australia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Determinants of health seeking behaviour following rabies exposure in Ethiopia
Tariku Jibat Beyene,Tariku Jibat Beyene,Tariku Jibat Beyene,M.C.M. Mourits,Crawford W. Revie,Henk Hogeveen,Henk Hogeveen +6 more
TL;DR: Improvements in the rural districts with regard to accessibility of post‐exposure prophylaxis delivering health centres in shorter distance could improve health seeking behaviour, and majority of exposed persons who seek medical treatment tend to comply with treatment regimen, indicating that the promotion of medical treatment through awareness creation campaigns could be beneficial.
Journal ArticleDOI
The “Milwaukee Protocol” for Treatment of Human Rabies Is No Longer Valid
Henry Wilde,Thiravat Hemachudha +1 more
TL;DR: To the Editors:The authors compliment Caicedo et al1 for their report “Virology, immunology, and pathology of human rabies” and their meticulous clinical and laboratory documentations.
References
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