Lounging in a lysosome: the intracellular lifestyle of Coxiella burnetii.
Daniel E. Voth,Robert A. Heinzen +1 more
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TLDR
Current understanding of the cellular events that occur during parasitism of host cells by Coxiella, including deployment of a type IV secretion system to deliver effector proteins to the host cytosol is summarized.Abstract:
Summary
Most intracellular parasites employ sophisticated mechanisms to direct biogenesis of a vacuolar replicative niche that circumvents default maturation through the endolysosomal cascade. However, this is not the case of the Q fever bacterium, Coxiella burnetii. This hardy, obligate intracellular pathogen has evolved to not only survive, but to thrive, in the harshest of intracellular compartments: the phagolysosome. Following internalization, the nascent Coxiella phagosome ultimately develops into a large and spacious parasitophorous vacuole (PV) that acquires lysosomal characteristics such as acidic pH, acid hydrolases and cationic peptides, defences designed to rid the host of intruders. However, transit of Coxiella to this environment is initially stalled, a process that is apparently modulated by interactions with the autophagic pathway. Coxiella actively participates in biogenesis of its PV by synthesizing proteins that mediate phagosome stalling, autophagic interactions, and development and maintenance of the mature vacuole. Among the potential mechanisms mediating these processes is deployment of a type IV secretion system to deliver effector proteins to the host cytosol. Here we summarize our current understanding of the cellular events that occur during parasitism of host cells by Coxiella.read more
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Modulation of membrane traffic between endoplasmic reticulum, ERGIC and Golgi to generate compartments for the replication of bacteria and viruses
TL;DR: Examples where both intracellular bacteria and viruses recruit membrane vesicles to sites of replication by modulating proteins that control the secretory pathway are described, in many cases this involves modulation of Rab and Arf GTPases.
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Molecular identification of the agent of Q fever - Coxiella burnetii - in domestic animals in State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Maria Angélica Mares-Guia,Tatiana Rozental,Alexandro Guterres,Raphael Gomes,Daniele Nunes de Almeida,Namir Santos Moreira,Jairo Dias Barreira,Alexsandra Rodrigues de Mendonça Favacho,Andrea Lopes Santana,Elba Regina Sampaio de Lemos +9 more
TL;DR: An epidemiological investigation was performed in the area in which the first molecular documentation of Q fever in Brazil was previously reported and the results confirm C. burnetii infection in animals in Rio de Janeiro and reinforce the need for the surveillance of Q Fever in Brazil.
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Adiponectin modulates focal adhesion disassembly in activated hepatic stellate cells: implication for reversing hepatic fibrosis
Pradeep Kumar,Tekla Smith,Khalidur Rahman,Jamie E. Mells,Natalie E. Thorn,Neeraj K. Saxena,Frank A. Anania +6 more
TL;DR: In vivo and in vitro data presented indicate that disassembly of focal adhesion complexes in HSCs is pivotal for hepatic fibrosis therapy, now that small adiponectin‐like peptides are available.
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SDS‐Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) of Proteins
TL;DR: This procedure is used to determine protein subunit composition, verify homogeneity of the protein sample, and purify proteins for use in other applications.
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Do mosquitoes acquire organophosphate resistance by functional changes in carboxylesterases
TL;DR: The data strongly support the hypothesis that mosquitoes can acquire organophosphate resistance by functional changes in carboxylesterases and suggest that mutation W224L might occur in natural populations of mosquitoes.
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