Lounging in a lysosome: the intracellular lifestyle of Coxiella burnetii.
Daniel E. Voth,Robert A. Heinzen +1 more
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TLDR
Current understanding of the cellular events that occur during parasitism of host cells by Coxiella, including deployment of a type IV secretion system to deliver effector proteins to the host cytosol is summarized.Abstract:
Summary
Most intracellular parasites employ sophisticated mechanisms to direct biogenesis of a vacuolar replicative niche that circumvents default maturation through the endolysosomal cascade. However, this is not the case of the Q fever bacterium, Coxiella burnetii. This hardy, obligate intracellular pathogen has evolved to not only survive, but to thrive, in the harshest of intracellular compartments: the phagolysosome. Following internalization, the nascent Coxiella phagosome ultimately develops into a large and spacious parasitophorous vacuole (PV) that acquires lysosomal characteristics such as acidic pH, acid hydrolases and cationic peptides, defences designed to rid the host of intruders. However, transit of Coxiella to this environment is initially stalled, a process that is apparently modulated by interactions with the autophagic pathway. Coxiella actively participates in biogenesis of its PV by synthesizing proteins that mediate phagosome stalling, autophagic interactions, and development and maintenance of the mature vacuole. Among the potential mechanisms mediating these processes is deployment of a type IV secretion system to deliver effector proteins to the host cytosol. Here we summarize our current understanding of the cellular events that occur during parasitism of host cells by Coxiella.read more
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Quantitative Dextran Trafficking to the Coxiella burnetii Parasitophorous Vacuole.
Seth Winfree,Stacey D. Gilk +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantified PV-endosome fusion by measuring delivery of the fluid phase endosome marker dextran to the parasitophorous vacuole using live cell imaging.
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Monitoring the glycosylation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate-type glutamate receptors using specific antibodies reveals a novel regulatory mechanism of N-glycosylation occupancy by molecular chaperones in mice.
Ryosuke Midorikawa,Daisuke Takakura,Jyoji Morise,Yoshihiko Wakazono,Nana Kawasaki,Shogo Oka,Kogo Takamiya +6 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that the N401‐glycosite of GluA1 receives a unique control of modification, and a novel N‐glycosylation occupancy regulatory mechanism by Bip that might be associated with α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazole‐propionate receptors function in the brain.
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Fermented food Tempeh induces interleukin 12 and enhances macrophage phagocytosis.
Yoshihito Hosaka,Kei Itoh,Shun Matsutani,Shinya Kawate,A B Miura,Yukaze Mizoura,Sayumi Yamada,Hiroshi Konno,Ewa Grave,Koji Nagata,Hideki Wakui,Hideaki Itoh +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the IL-12 inducibility of fermented foods using the specific antibody was investigated and it was found that the fermented soybean-derived food, Tempeh, has a function of activating the immune function.
Book ChapterDOI
Targeted nanoparticles for treating infectious diseases
TL;DR: The opportunity of therapeutic molecule being affixed to the nanoparticles by chemical modification has presented a unique drug delivery alternative that is expected to reduce drug degradation and loss, enhance drug availability, and unlock new outlooks for drug delivery.
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The Feasibility of Using Coxiella burnetii Avirulent Nine Mile Phase II Viable Bacteria as a Live Attenuated Vaccine Against Q fever.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore if viable C. burnetii avirulent Nine Mile phase II (NMII) can elicit protective immunity against virulent NM phase I (NMI) infection.
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