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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Mapping of Brain Activity by Automated Volume Analysis of Immediate Early Genes

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TLDR
A pipeline for high-speed acquisition of brain activity at cellular resolution through profiling immediate early gene expression using immunostaining and light-sheet fluorescence imaging, followed by automated mapping and analysis of activity by an open-source software program that is widely applicable to different experimental paradigms, including animal species for which transgenic activity reporters are not readily available.
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This article is published in Cell.The article was published on 2016-06-16 and is currently open access. It has received 581 citations till now.

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Neuroinvasion of SARS-CoV-2 in human and mouse brain.

Abstract: Although COVID-19 is considered to be primarily a respiratory disease, SARS-CoV-2 affects multiple organ systems including the central nervous system (CNS). Yet, there is no consensus on the consequences of CNS infections. Here, we used three independent approaches to probe the capacity of SARS-CoV-2 to infect the brain. First, using human brain organoids, we observed clear evidence of infection with accompanying metabolic changes in infected and neighboring neurons. However, no evidence for type I interferon responses was detected. We demonstrate that neuronal infection can be prevented by blocking ACE2 with antibodies or by administering cerebrospinal fluid from a COVID-19 patient. Second, using mice overexpressing human ACE2, we demonstrate SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion in vivo. Finally, in autopsies from patients who died of COVID-19, we detect SARS-CoV-2 in cortical neurons and note pathological features associated with infection with minimal immune cell infiltrates. These results provide evidence for the neuroinvasive capacity of SARS-CoV-2 and an unexpected consequence of direct infection of neurons by SARS-CoV-2.
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The Allen Mouse Brain Common Coordinate Framework: A 3D Reference Atlas.

TL;DR: This work constructed an average template brain at 10 μm voxel resolution by interpolating high resolution in-plane serial two-photon tomography images with 100 μm z-sampling from 1,675 young adult C57BL/6J mice and parcellated the entire brain directly in 3D.
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Shrinkage-mediated imaging of entire organs and organisms using uDISCO

TL;DR: The 'ultimate DISCO' (uDISCO) clearing is developed to overcome limitations in volumetric imaging and preserves fluorescent proteins over months and renders intact organs and rodent bodies transparent while reducing their size up to 65%.
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An atlas of the protein-coding genes in the human, pig, and mouse brain

TL;DR: A comprehensive molecular dissection of the main regions of the human, pig, and mouse brain using transcriptomics and antibody-based mapping suggests similar regional organization and expression patterns in the three mammalian species, consistent with the view that basic brain architecture is preserved during mammalian evolution.
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Single-cell analysis of experience-dependent transcriptomic states in the mouse visual cortex.

TL;DR: The results reveal the dynamic landscape of the stimulus-dependent transcriptional changes occurring across cell types in the visual cortex; these changes are probably critical for cortical function and may be sites of deregulation in developmental brain disorders.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing

TL;DR: In this paper, a different approach to problems of multiple significance testing is presented, which calls for controlling the expected proportion of falsely rejected hypotheses -the false discovery rate, which is equivalent to the FWER when all hypotheses are true but is smaller otherwise.
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User-guided 3D active contour segmentation of anatomical structures: Significantly improved efficiency and reliability

TL;DR: The methods and software engineering philosophy behind this new tool, ITK-SNAP, are described and the results of validation experiments performed in the context of an ongoing child autism neuroimaging study are provided, finding that SNAP is a highly reliable and efficient alternative to manual tracing.
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elastix : A Toolbox for Intensity-Based Medical Image Registration

TL;DR: The software consists of a collection of algorithms that are commonly used to solve medical image registration problems, and allows the user to quickly configure, test, and compare different registration methods for a specific application.
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Induction of c-fos-like protein in spinal cord neurons following sensory stimulation.

TL;DR: Physiological stimulation of rat primary sensory neurons causes the expression of c-fos-protein-like immunoreactivity in nuclei of postsynaptic neurons of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, suggesting that synaptic transmission may induce rapid changes in gene expression in certain post Synaptic neurons.
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