Book ChapterDOI
Non-coding RNAs: Classification, Biology and Functioning
Sonja Hombach,Markus Kretz +1 more
TLDR
This chapter introduces several classes of short and long non-coding RNAs, describe their diverse roles in mammalian gene regulation and give examples for known modes of action.Abstract:
One of the long-standing principles of molecular biology is that DNA acts as a template for transcription of messenger RNAs, which serve as blueprints for protein translation. A rapidly growing number of exceptions to this rule have been reported over the past decades: they include long known classes of RNAs involved in translation such as transfer RNAs and ribosomal RNAs, small nuclear RNAs involved in splicing events, and small nucleolar RNAs mainly involved in the modification of other small RNAs, such as ribosomal RNAs and transfer RNAs. More recently, several classes of short regulatory non-coding RNAs, including piwi-associated RNAs, endogenous short-interfering RNAs and microRNAs have been discovered in mammals, which act as key regulators of gene expression in many different cellular pathways and systems. Additionally, the human genome encodes several thousand long non-protein coding RNAs >200 nucleotides in length, some of which play crucial roles in a variety of biological processes such as epigenetic control of chromatin, promoter-specific gene regulation, mRNA stability, X-chromosome inactivation and imprinting. In this chapter, we will introduce several classes of short and long non-coding RNAs, describe their diverse roles in mammalian gene regulation and give examples for known modes of action.read more
Citations
More filters
MicroRNAs: Target Recognition and Regulatory Functions
TL;DR: In this article, a review outlines the current understanding of miRNA target recognition in animals and discusses the widespread impact of miRNAs on both the expression and evolution of protein-coding genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetics of colorectal cancer: biomarker and therapeutic potential.
TL;DR: This Review outlines these epigenetic aberrations in CRC and their potential as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets, as well as the role of non-coding RNAs as epigenetic regulators.
Journal ArticleDOI
Correction: LncRNA RPPH1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by interacting with TUBB3 and by promoting exosomes-mediated macrophage M2 polarization.
Zhenxing Liang,Huashan Liu,Feng-Wei Wang,Li Xiong,Chi Zhou,Tuo Hu,Xiaowen He,Xiaojian Wu,Dan Xie,Xianrui Wu,Ping Lan +10 more
TL;DR: It is reported that lncRNA RPPH1 was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues, and the R PPH1 overexpression was associated with advanced TNM stages and poor prognosis, and RPPh1 serves as a potential therapeutic and diagnostic target in CRC.
Journal ArticleDOI
Analyzing the Interactions of mRNAs and ncRNAs to Predict Competing Endogenous RNA Networks in Osteosarcoma Chemo-Resistance
TL;DR: These findings may provide new evidence for the underlying mechanism of OS chemo-resistance and uncover some novel targets for reversing it.
Journal ArticleDOI
MetaLnc9 Facilitates Lung Cancer Metastasis via a PGK1-Activated AKT/mTOR Pathway.
Tao Yu,Yingjun Zhao,Zhixiang Hu,Jing Li,Dandan Chu,Jiwei Zhang,Zhe Li,Bing Chen,Xiao Zhang,Hongyu Pan,Shengli Li,Hechun Lin,Lei Liu,Mingxia Yan,Xianghuo He,Ming Yao +15 more
TL;DR: The identification of a lncRNA signature associated with metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and MetaLnc9 as a driver of metastasis and a candidate therapeutic target for treating advanced NSCLC are reported.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The hallmarks of cancer.
TL;DR: This work has been supported by the Department of the Army and the National Institutes of Health, and the author acknowledges the support and encouragement of the National Cancer Institute.
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNAs: Target Recognition and Regulatory Functions
TL;DR: The current understanding of miRNA target recognition in animals is outlined and the widespread impact of miRNAs on both the expression and evolution of protein-coding genes is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans
Andrew Fire,SiQun Xu,Mary K. Montgomery,Steven A. Kostas,Steven A. Kostas,Samuel E. Driver,Craig C. Mello +6 more
TL;DR: To their surprise, it was found that double-stranded RNA was substantially more effective at producing interference than was either strand individually, arguing against stochiometric interference with endogenous mRNA and suggesting that there could be a catalytic or amplification component in the interference process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Most mammalian mRNAs are conserved targets of microRNAs
TL;DR: This work overhauled its tool for finding preferential conservation of sequence motifs and applied it to the analysis of human 3'UTRs, increasing by nearly threefold the detected number of preferentially conserved miRNA target sites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Circular RNAs are a large class of animal RNAs with regulatory potency
Sebastian Memczak,Marvin Jens,Antigoni Elefsinioti,Francesca Torti,Janna Krueger,Agnieszka Rybak,Luisa Maier,Sebastian D. Mackowiak,Lea H. Gregersen,Mathias Munschauer,Alexander Loewer,Ulrike Ziebold,Markus Landthaler,Christine Kocks,Ferdinand le Noble,Nikolaus Rajewsky +15 more
TL;DR: It is found that a human circRNA, antisense to the cerebellar degeneration-related protein 1 transcript (CDR1as), is densely bound by microRNA (miRNA) effector complexes and harbours 63 conserved binding sites for the ancient miRNA miR-7.
Related Papers (5)
The GENCODE v7 catalog of human long noncoding RNAs: analysis of their gene structure, evolution, and expression.
Thomas Derrien,Rory Johnson,Giovanni Bussotti,Andrea Tanzer,Sarah Djebali,Hagen Tilgner,Gregory Guernec,David C. Martin,Angelika Merkel,David G. Knowles,Julien Lagarde,Lavanya Veeravalli,Xiaoan Ruan,Yijun Ruan,Timo Lassmann,Piero Carninci,James B. Brown,Leonard Lipovich,José M. González,Mark G. Thomas,Carrie A. Davis,Ramin Shiekhattar,Thomas R. Gingeras,Tim Hubbard,Cedric Notredame,Jennifer Harrow,Roderic Guigó +26 more
The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14
Landscape of transcription in human cells
Sarah Djebali,Carrie A. Davis,Angelika Merkel,Alexander Dobin,Timo Lassmann,Ali Mortazavi,Ali Mortazavi,Andrea Tanzer,Julien Lagarde,Wei Lin,Felix Schlesinger,Chenghai Xue,Georgi K. Marinov,Jainab Khatun,Brian A. Williams,Chris Zaleski,Joel Rozowsky,Marion S. Röder,Felix Kokocinski,Rehab F. Abdelhamid,Tyler Alioto,Igor Antoshechkin,Michael T. Baer,Nadav Bar,Philippe Batut,Kimberly Bell,Ian Bell,Sudipto K. Chakrabortty,Xian Chen,Jacqueline Chrast,Joao Curado,Thomas Derrien,Jorg Drenkow,Erica Dumais,Jacqueline Dumais,Radha Duttagupta,Emilie Falconnet,Meagan Fastuca,Kata Fejes-Toth,Pedro G. Ferreira,Sylvain Foissac,Melissa J. Fullwood,Hui Gao,David Gonzalez,Assaf Gordon,Harsha P. Gunawardena,Cédric Howald,Sonali Jha,Rory Johnson,Philipp Kapranov,Brandon King,Colin Kingswood,Oscar Junhong Luo,Eddie Park,Kimberly Persaud,Jonathan B. Preall,Paolo Ribeca,Brian A. Risk,Daniel Robyr,Michael Sammeth,Lorian Schaffer,Lei-Hoon See,Atif Shahab,Jørgen Skancke,Ana Maria Suzuki,Hazuki Takahashi,Hagen Tilgner,Diane Trout,Nathalie Walters,Huaien Wang,John A. Wrobel,Yanbao Yu,Xiaoan Ruan,Yoshihide Hayashizaki,Jennifer Harrow,Mark Gerstein,Tim Hubbard,Alexandre Reymond,Stylianos E. Antonarakis,Gregory J. Hannon,Morgan C. Giddings,Morgan C. Giddings,Yijun Ruan,Barbara J. Wold,Piero Carninci,Roderic Guigó,Thomas R. Gingeras,Thomas R. Gingeras +87 more