Book ChapterDOI
Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations
Edward L. Kaplan,Paul Meier +1 more
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TLDR
In this article, the product-limit (PL) estimator was proposed to estimate the proportion of items in the population whose lifetimes would exceed t (in the absence of such losses), without making any assumption about the form of the function P(t).Abstract:
In lifetesting, medical follow-up, and other fields the observation of the time of occurrence of the event of interest (called a death) may be prevented for some of the items of the sample by the previous occurrence of some other event (called a loss). Losses may be either accidental or controlled, the latter resulting from a decision to terminate certain observations. In either case it is usually assumed in this paper that the lifetime (age at death) is independent of the potential loss time; in practice this assumption deserves careful scrutiny. Despite the resulting incompleteness of the data, it is desired to estimate the proportion P(t) of items in the population whose lifetimes would exceed t (in the absence of such losses), without making any assumption about the form of the function P(t). The observation for each item of a suitable initial event, marking the beginning of its lifetime, is presupposed. For random samples of size N the product-limit (PL) estimate can be defined as follows: L...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Sleep disordered breathing and mortality: eighteen-year follow-up of the Wisconsin sleep cohort.
Terry Young,Laurel Finn,Paul E. Peppard,Mariana Szklo-Coxe,Diane Austin,F. Javier Nieto,Robin Stubbs,K. Mae Hla +7 more
TL;DR: The findings of a significant, high mortality risk with untreated Sleep-disordered breathing, independent of age, sex, and BMI underscore the need for heightened clinical recognition and treatment of SDB, indicated by frequent episodes of apnea and hypopnea, irrespective of symptoms of sleepiness.
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Regression modelling strategies for improved prognostic prediction.
TL;DR: A general index of predictive discrimination is used to measure the ability of a model developed on training samples of varying sizes to predict survival in an independent test sample of patients suspected of having coronary artery disease.
The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure
B Ertram P Itt,F Aiez Z Annad,J. R Emme,R Obert C Ody,A Lain C Astaigne,A Lfonso P Erez,J Olie P Alensky,J Anet W Ittes +7 more
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Evaluation of BCNU and/or radiotherapy in the treatment of anaplastic gliomas: A cooperative clinical trial
Walker,Eben Alexander,William E. Hunt,MacCarty Cs,Mahaley Ms,John Mealey,Norrell Ha,Owens G,Joseph Ransohoff,Charles B. Wilson,Gehan Ea,Strike Ta +11 more
TL;DR: An analysis of prognostic factors indicates that the initial performance status, age, the use of only a surgical biopsy, parietal location, the presence of seizures, or the involvement of cranial nerves II, III, IV, and VI are all of significance.
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The Liability of Newness: Age Dependence in Organizational Death Rates
TL;DR: Webb and Shaskolsky as discussed by the authors revisited Durkheim's "Division of Labor in Society" re-visited and found that the division of labor in society can be traced to the evolution from restitutive law to repressive law.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Survival Curve for Cancer Patients Following Treatment
Joseph Berkson,Robert P. Gage +1 more
TL;DR: A simple function, in terms of two physically meaningful parameters, has been evolved, which fits survivorship data very well and can be used to compare succinctly the mortality of two groups, different in respect of treatment, type of cancer, or other characteristics.
Journal ArticleDOI
An analysis of some failure data
TL;DR: The rationale and statistical techniques employed in the analysis of some failure data obtained from operations performed by machines and people are summarized and the agreement between theory and data is evaluated.