Book ChapterDOI
Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations
Edward L. Kaplan,Paul Meier +1 more
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In this article, the product-limit (PL) estimator was proposed to estimate the proportion of items in the population whose lifetimes would exceed t (in the absence of such losses), without making any assumption about the form of the function P(t).Abstract:
In lifetesting, medical follow-up, and other fields the observation of the time of occurrence of the event of interest (called a death) may be prevented for some of the items of the sample by the previous occurrence of some other event (called a loss). Losses may be either accidental or controlled, the latter resulting from a decision to terminate certain observations. In either case it is usually assumed in this paper that the lifetime (age at death) is independent of the potential loss time; in practice this assumption deserves careful scrutiny. Despite the resulting incompleteness of the data, it is desired to estimate the proportion P(t) of items in the population whose lifetimes would exceed t (in the absence of such losses), without making any assumption about the form of the function P(t). The observation for each item of a suitable initial event, marking the beginning of its lifetime, is presupposed. For random samples of size N the product-limit (PL) estimate can be defined as follows: L...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The prognostic value of cellular and serologic markers in infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
John L. Fahey,Jeremy M. G. Taylor,Roger Detels,Bo Hofmann,Raphael Melmed,Pari Nishanian,Janis V. Giorgi +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated three cellular and five serologic markers that are affected by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) for their ability to predict the progression to clinical AIDS, and concluded that progression to AIDS was predicted most accurately by the level of CD4+ T cells in combination with the serum level of either neopterin or beta 2-microglobulin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Actual 10-Year Survival After Resection of Colorectal Liver Metastases Defines Cure
James S. Tomlinson,William R. Jarnagin,Ronald P. DeMatteo,Yuman Fong,Peter Kornprat,Mithat Gonen,Nancy E. Kemeny,Murray F. Brennan,Leslie H. Blumgart,Michael I. D’Angelica +9 more
TL;DR: In well-selected patients, there is at least a one in six chance of cure after hepatectomy for CLM, and the presence of poor prognostic factors does not preclude the possibility of long-term survival and cure.
Journal ArticleDOI
The epidemiology of major depressive episodes: results from the International Consortium of Psychiatric Epidemiology (ICPE) Surveys
Laura Helena Andrade,Jorge J. Caraveo-Anduaga,Patricia A. Berglund,Rob V. Bijl,Ron de Graaf,Wilma A. M. Vollebergh,Eva Dragomirecka,Robert Kohn,Martin B. Keller,Ronald C. Kessler,Norito Kawakami,Cengiz Kılıç,David R. Offord,T. Bedirhan Üstün,Hans-Ulrich Wittchen +14 more
TL;DR: Community epidemiological surveys using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview administered face‐to‐face were carried out in 10 countries in North America, Latin America, Europe, and Asia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of cardiovascular disease in US adults: the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Follow-up Study
Lydia A. Bazzano,Jiang He,Lorraine G. Ogden,Catherine M. Loria,Suma Vupputuri,Leann Myers,Paul K. Whelton +6 more
TL;DR: An inverse association of fruit and vegetable intake with the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in the general US population is shown.
Journal ArticleDOI
Placental Blood as a Source of Hematopoietic Stem Cells for Transplantation into Unrelated Recipients.
Joanne Kurtzberg,Mary J. Laughlin,Michael L. Graham,Clay Smith,Janice F. Olson,Edward C. Halperin,G. Ciocci,Carmelita Carrier,Cladd E. Stevens,Pablo Rubinstein +9 more
TL;DR: HLA-mismatched placental blood from unrelated donors is an alternative source of stem cells for hematopoietic reconstitution in children with a variety of malignant and non-malignant conditions.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Survival Curve for Cancer Patients Following Treatment
Joseph Berkson,Robert P. Gage +1 more
TL;DR: A simple function, in terms of two physically meaningful parameters, has been evolved, which fits survivorship data very well and can be used to compare succinctly the mortality of two groups, different in respect of treatment, type of cancer, or other characteristics.
Journal ArticleDOI
An analysis of some failure data
TL;DR: The rationale and statistical techniques employed in the analysis of some failure data obtained from operations performed by machines and people are summarized and the agreement between theory and data is evaluated.