Book ChapterDOI
Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations
Edward L. Kaplan,Paul Meier +1 more
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TLDR
In this article, the product-limit (PL) estimator was proposed to estimate the proportion of items in the population whose lifetimes would exceed t (in the absence of such losses), without making any assumption about the form of the function P(t).Abstract:
In lifetesting, medical follow-up, and other fields the observation of the time of occurrence of the event of interest (called a death) may be prevented for some of the items of the sample by the previous occurrence of some other event (called a loss). Losses may be either accidental or controlled, the latter resulting from a decision to terminate certain observations. In either case it is usually assumed in this paper that the lifetime (age at death) is independent of the potential loss time; in practice this assumption deserves careful scrutiny. Despite the resulting incompleteness of the data, it is desired to estimate the proportion P(t) of items in the population whose lifetimes would exceed t (in the absence of such losses), without making any assumption about the form of the function P(t). The observation for each item of a suitable initial event, marking the beginning of its lifetime, is presupposed. For random samples of size N the product-limit (PL) estimate can be defined as follows: L...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Oral Fingolimod in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
Ludwig Kappos,Ernst Wilhelm Radue,Paul O'Connor,Chris H. Polman,Reinhard Hohlfeld,Peter A. Calabresi,Krzysztof Selmaj,Catherine Agoropoulou,Malgorzata Leyk,Lixin Zhang-Auberson,Pascale Burtin +10 more
TL;DR: Both doses of oral fingolimod improved the relapse rate, the risk of disability progression, and end points on MRI and were superior to placebo with regard to MRI-related measures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the Community: The 1996 Detroit Area Survey of Trauma
Naomi Breslau,Ronald C. Kessler,Howard D. Chilcoat,Lonni Schultz,Glenn C. Davis,Patricia Andreski +5 more
TL;DR: The risk of PTSD associated with a representative sample of traumas is less than previously estimated, and sudden unexpected death of a loved one is a far more important cause of PTSD in the community, accounting for nearly one third of PTSD cases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Randomized controlled trial of transarterial lipiodol chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.
Chung Mau Lo,Henry Ngan,Wai Kuen Tso,Chi-Leung Liu,Chi Ming Lam,Ronnie T.P. Poon,Sheung Tat Fan,John Wong +7 more
TL;DR: In Asian patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, transarterial Lipiodol chemoembolization significantly improves survival and is an effective form of treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intraperitoneal Cisplatin and Paclitaxel in Ovarian Cancer
Deborah K. Armstrong,Brian N. Bundy,Lari Wenzel,Helen Q. Huang,Rebecca N. Baergen,Shashikant Lele,Larry J. Copeland,Joan L. Walker,Robert A. Burger +8 more
TL;DR: Quality of life was significantly worse in the intraperitoneal-therapy group before cycle 4 and three to six weeks after treatment but not one year after treatment, while survival in patients with optimally debulked stage III ovarian cancer improved.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) of prognostic factors in three radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) brain metastases trials
Laurie E. Gaspar,Charles E. Scott,Marvin Rotman,Sucha O. Asbell,Theodore L. Phillips,Todd H. Wasserman,W. Gillies McKenna,Roger W. Byhardt +7 more
TL;DR: An analysis of tumor/patient characteristics and treatment variables in previous Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) brain metastases studies was considered necessary to fully evaluate the benefit of these new interventions.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Survival Curve for Cancer Patients Following Treatment
Joseph Berkson,Robert P. Gage +1 more
TL;DR: A simple function, in terms of two physically meaningful parameters, has been evolved, which fits survivorship data very well and can be used to compare succinctly the mortality of two groups, different in respect of treatment, type of cancer, or other characteristics.
Journal ArticleDOI
An analysis of some failure data
TL;DR: The rationale and statistical techniques employed in the analysis of some failure data obtained from operations performed by machines and people are summarized and the agreement between theory and data is evaluated.