Book ChapterDOI
Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations
Edward L. Kaplan,Paul Meier +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the product-limit (PL) estimator was proposed to estimate the proportion of items in the population whose lifetimes would exceed t (in the absence of such losses), without making any assumption about the form of the function P(t).Abstract:
In lifetesting, medical follow-up, and other fields the observation of the time of occurrence of the event of interest (called a death) may be prevented for some of the items of the sample by the previous occurrence of some other event (called a loss). Losses may be either accidental or controlled, the latter resulting from a decision to terminate certain observations. In either case it is usually assumed in this paper that the lifetime (age at death) is independent of the potential loss time; in practice this assumption deserves careful scrutiny. Despite the resulting incompleteness of the data, it is desired to estimate the proportion P(t) of items in the population whose lifetimes would exceed t (in the absence of such losses), without making any assumption about the form of the function P(t). The observation for each item of a suitable initial event, marking the beginning of its lifetime, is presupposed. For random samples of size N the product-limit (PL) estimate can be defined as follows: L...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Twenty-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Study Comparing Breast-Conserving Surgery with Radical Mastectomy for Early Breast Cancer
Umberto Veronesi,Natale Cascinelli,Luigi Mariani,Marco Greco,R. Saccozzi,Alberto Luini,Marisel Aguilar,Ettore Marubini +7 more
TL;DR: The long-term survival rate among women who undergo breast-conserving surgery is the same as that among women Who undergo radical mastectomy, and Breast-conserve surgery is therefore the treatment of choice for women with relatively small breast cancers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Leucovorin and Fluorouracil With or Without Oxaliplatin as First-Line Treatment in Advanced Colorectal Cancer
A. de Gramont,A. Figer,M. Seymour,M. Homerin,A. Hmissi,J. Cassidy,Corrado Boni,H. Cortes-Funes,Andrés Cervantes,Gilles Freyer,Demetris Papamichael,N. Le Bail,C. Louvet,D. Hendler,F. de Braud,C. Wilson,Francois Morvan,Andrea Bonetti +17 more
TL;DR: The LV5FU2-oxaliplatin combination seems beneficial as first-line therapy in advanced colorectal cancer, demonstrating a prolonged progression-free survival with acceptable tolerability and maintenance of QoL.
Journal Article
The Effect of Carvedilol on Morbidity and Mortality in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Milton Packer,Michael R. Bristow,Jay N. Cohn,Wilson S. Colucci,Michael B. Fowler,Edward M. Gilbert,Neil H. Shusterman +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a double-blind, placebo-controlled, stratified program, in which patients were assigned to one of four treatment protocols on the basis of their exercise capacity, was presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Helsinki Heart Study: primary-prevention trial with gemfibrozil in middle-aged men with dyslipidemia. Safety of treatment, changes in risk factors, and incidence of coronary heart disease
Frick Mh,O. Elo,Haapa K,Olli P. Heinonen,P. Heinsalmi,P. Helo,Jussi K. Huttunen,Kaitaniemi P,Koskinen P,Manninen +9 more
TL;DR: Results are in accord with two previous trials with different pharmacologic agents and indicate that modification of lipoprotein levels with gemfibrozil reduces the incidence of coronary heart disease in men with dyslipidemia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reduction of maternal-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with zidovudine treatment. Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 076 Study Group.
Edward M. Connor,Rhoda S. Sperling,Richard D. Gelber,Pavel Kiselev,Gwendolyn B. Scott,Mary Jo O'Sullivan,Russell Vandyke,Mohammed Bey,William T. Shearer,Robert L. Jacobson,Eleanor Jimenez,Edward O’neill,Brigitte Bazin,Jean François Delfraissy,Mary Culnane,Robert W. Coombs,Mary Elkins,Jack Moye,Pamela Stratton,James Balsley +19 more
TL;DR: In pregnant women with mildly symptomatic HIV disease and no prior treatment with antiretroviral drugs during the pregnancy, a regimen consisting of zidovudine given ante partum and intra partum to the mother and to the newborn for six weeks reduced the risk of maternal-infant HIV transmission by approximately two thirds.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Survival Curve for Cancer Patients Following Treatment
Joseph Berkson,Robert P. Gage +1 more
TL;DR: A simple function, in terms of two physically meaningful parameters, has been evolved, which fits survivorship data very well and can be used to compare succinctly the mortality of two groups, different in respect of treatment, type of cancer, or other characteristics.
Journal ArticleDOI
An analysis of some failure data
TL;DR: The rationale and statistical techniques employed in the analysis of some failure data obtained from operations performed by machines and people are summarized and the agreement between theory and data is evaluated.