Book ChapterDOI
Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations
Edward L. Kaplan,Paul Meier +1 more
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TLDR
In this article, the product-limit (PL) estimator was proposed to estimate the proportion of items in the population whose lifetimes would exceed t (in the absence of such losses), without making any assumption about the form of the function P(t).Abstract:
In lifetesting, medical follow-up, and other fields the observation of the time of occurrence of the event of interest (called a death) may be prevented for some of the items of the sample by the previous occurrence of some other event (called a loss). Losses may be either accidental or controlled, the latter resulting from a decision to terminate certain observations. In either case it is usually assumed in this paper that the lifetime (age at death) is independent of the potential loss time; in practice this assumption deserves careful scrutiny. Despite the resulting incompleteness of the data, it is desired to estimate the proportion P(t) of items in the population whose lifetimes would exceed t (in the absence of such losses), without making any assumption about the form of the function P(t). The observation for each item of a suitable initial event, marking the beginning of its lifetime, is presupposed. For random samples of size N the product-limit (PL) estimate can be defined as follows: L...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. A clinicopathologic study of 241 cases treated at the University of Florence, Italy.
TL;DR: It is concluded that conservative thyroid surgery in the form of lobectomy, without neck dissection or prophylactic administration of iodine 131 (131I), constitutes adequate therapy for most cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phase III Study of Concurrent Versus Sequential Thoracic Radiotherapy in Combination With Cisplatin and Etoposide for Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Results of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study 9104
Minoru Takada,Masahiro Fukuoka,Masaaki Kawahara,Takahiko Sugiura,A. Yokoyama,Soichiro Yokota,Yutaka Nishiwaki,Koshiro Watanabe,Kazumasa Noda,Tomohide Tamura,Haruhiko Fukuda,Nagahiro Saijo +11 more
TL;DR: This study strongly suggests that cisplatin plus etoposide and concurrent radiotherapy is more effective for the treatment of LS-SCLC than cisPlatin plus Etoposid and sequential radiotherapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phase III trial of androgen suppression using goserelin in unfavorable-prognosis carcinoma of the prostate treated with definitive radiotherapy: report of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Protocol 85-31.
Miljenko V. Pilepich,Richard J. Caplan,R. W. Byhardt,Colleen A. Lawton,M J Gallagher,John B. Mesic,Gerald E. Hanks,Christopher T. Coughlin,Arthur T. Porter,William U. Shipley,D. Grignon +10 more
TL;DR: Application of androgen suppression as an adjuvant to definitive radiotherapy has been associated with a highly significant improvement in local control and freedom from disease progression.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease on relapse and survival after bone marrow transplantation from HLA-identical siblings as treatment of acute and chronic leukemia [published erratum appears in Blood 1989 Aug 15;74(3):1180]
Keith M. Sullivan,Paul L. Weiden,Rainer Storb,Robert P. Witherspoon,A Fefer,LD Fisher,Buckner Cd,Claudio Anasetti,FR Appelbaum,Christopher C. Badger +9 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that acute and chronic GVHD were associated with a durable antileukemic effect and improved survival in patients transplanted in advanced stages of ALL and CML.
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Reconciliation and consolation among chimpanzees
TL;DR: ‘kissing’ is characteristic of reconciliation and ‘embracing’ of consolation according to the data, which indicate that former opponents preferentially make body contact with each other rather than with third partners.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Survival Curve for Cancer Patients Following Treatment
Joseph Berkson,Robert P. Gage +1 more
TL;DR: A simple function, in terms of two physically meaningful parameters, has been evolved, which fits survivorship data very well and can be used to compare succinctly the mortality of two groups, different in respect of treatment, type of cancer, or other characteristics.
Journal ArticleDOI
An analysis of some failure data
TL;DR: The rationale and statistical techniques employed in the analysis of some failure data obtained from operations performed by machines and people are summarized and the agreement between theory and data is evaluated.