Journal ArticleDOI
On the taught new tricks of enzymes immobilization: An all-inclusive overview
TLDR
This review describes the choices of support materials and cross-linkers together with several mechanisms that influence the performance, stabilization and hyperactivation of immobilized enzymes.Abstract:
The primary means of immobilizing enzymes are to boost the enzyme productivity and operational stability, alongside facilitating the reuse of enzymes. Notwithstanding the aforementioned benefits, enzyme immobilization promotes high catalytic activity and stability, convenient handling of enzymes, in addition to their facile separation from reaction mixtures without contaminating the products. This review describes the choices of support materials and cross-linkers together with several mechanisms that influence the performance, stabilization and hyperactivation of immobilized enzymes. Altering enzyme properties often changes the enzyme structure due to random modifications in the behavior, which in some cases can be positive or negative. Future strategy to develop new generations of immobilized enzymes should capitalize on the rapid advances of genetic manipulation, organic chemistry, computational chemistry and bioinformatics, reactor and reaction design. Upcoming efforts to improve enzymes as industrial biocatalysts must consider their development for increased selective promiscuity suitable for multiple biotransformations, either independently or as catalytic cascade processes thereby enhance the cost-effectiveness of the processes.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial lipases and their industrial applications: a comprehensive review
TL;DR: Immobilization has made the use of microbial lipases accomplish its best performance and hence suitable for several reactions and need to enhance aroma to the immobilization processes and reduce logistical liability on the environment and user.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stabilization of enzymes via immobilization: Multipoint covalent attachment and other stabilization strategies
Rafael C. Rodrigues,Ángel Berenguer-Murcia,Diego Carballares,Roberto Morellon-Sterling,Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente +4 more
TL;DR: This review is focused on how enzyme immobilization may improve enzyme stability, and details other possibilities to stabilize enzymes: generation of favorable enzyme environments, prevention of enzyme subunit dissociation in multimeric enzymes, generation of more stable enzyme conformations, or enzyme rigidification via multipoint covalent attachment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Opportunities for improving biodiesel production via lipase catalysis
Francisco Thálysson Tavares Cavalcante,Francisco Simao Neto,Italo Rafael de Aguiar Falcão,José Erick da Silva Souza,Lourembergue Saraiva de Moura Junior,Patrick da Silva Sousa,Thales Guimaraes Rocha,Isamayra Germano de Sousa,Pedro Henrique de Lima Gomes,Maria Cristiane Martins de Souza,José C. S. dos Santos,José C. S. dos Santos +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight several aspects of lipase-catalyzed biodiesel production and discuss the possible solutions to circumvent the well-known problems inherent in these systems, such as the low-stability and the pricing of biocatalysts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Designing Sites in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Are We Reaching Selectivities Competitive With Those of Homogeneous Catalysts?
TL;DR: A critical review of different prominent nanotechnologies adapted to catalysis is provided, with focus on how they contribute to the improvement of selectivity in heterogeneous catalysis as discussed by the authors .
Journal ArticleDOI
Biodiesel production from microalgae using lipase-based catalysts: Current challenges and prospects
TL;DR: In this paper , the main aspects associated with biodiesel production from microalgae, highlighting the fundamentals of the technique, the immobilization processes followed, the use of solvents to optimize reaction media, bioreactor systems, as well as the performance optimization of micro-algae biodiesel-based engines, while considering important economic and environmental aspects.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Alginate: properties and biomedical applications
Kuen Yong Lee,David J. Mooney +1 more
TL;DR: This review will provide a comprehensive overview of general properties of alginate and its hydrogels, their biomedical applications, and suggest new perspectives for future studies with these polymers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Improvement of enzyme activity, stability and selectivity via immobilization techniques
Cesar Mateo,Jose M. Palomo,Gloria Fernández-Lorente,Jose M. Guisan,Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente +4 more
TL;DR: In all cases, enzyme engineering via immobilization techniques is perfectly compatible with other chemical or biological approaches to improve enzyme functions and the final success depend on the availability of a wide battery of immobilization protocols.
Journal ArticleDOI
Science and technology roadmap for graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems
Andrea C. Ferrari,Francesco Bonaccorso,Francesco Bonaccorso,Vladimir I. Fal'ko,Konstantin S. Novoselov,Stephan Roche,Peter Bøggild,Stefano Borini,Frank H. L. Koppens,Vincenzo Palermo,Nicola M. Pugno,Nicola M. Pugno,Nicola M. Pugno,Jose A. Garrido,Roman Sordan,Alberto Bianco,Laura Ballerini,Maurizio Prato,Elefterios Lidorikis,Jani Kivioja,Claudio Marinelli,Tapani Ryhänen,Alberto F. Morpurgo,Jonathan N. Coleman,Valeria Nicolosi,Luigi Colombo,Albert Fert,Albert Fert,Mar García-Hernández,Adrian Bachtold,Grégory F. Schneider,Francisco Guinea,Cees Dekker,Matteo Barbone,Zhipei Sun,Costas Galiotis,Alexander N. Grigorenko,Gerasimos Konstantatos,Andras Kis,Mikhail I. Katsnelson,Lieven M. K. Vandersypen,A. Loiseau,Vittorio Morandi,Daniel Neumaier,Emanuele Treossi,Vittorio Pellegrini,Vittorio Pellegrini,Marco Polini,Alessandro Tredicucci,Gareth M. Williams,Byung Hee Hong,Jong Hyun Ahn,Jong Min Kim,Herbert Zirath,Bart J. van Wees,Herre S. J. van der Zant,Luigi Occhipinti,Andrea di Matteo,Ian A. Kinloch,Thomas Seyller,Etienne Quesnel,Xinliang Feng,K.B.K. Teo,Nalin Rupesinghe,Pertti Hakonen,Simon R. T. Neil,Quentin Tannock,Tomas Löfwander,Jari M. Kinaret +68 more
TL;DR: An overview of the key aspects of graphene and related materials, ranging from fundamental research challenges to a variety of applications in a large number of sectors, highlighting the steps necessary to take GRMs from a state of raw potential to a point where they might revolutionize multiple industries are provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Graphene oxide, highly reduced graphene oxide, and graphene: versatile building blocks for carbon-based materials.
TL;DR: Techniques for preparing such advanced materials via stable graphene oxide, highly reduced grapheneoxide, and graphene dispersions in aqueous and organic media are summarized with a forward outlook on their applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enzyme immobilisation in biocatalysis : Why, what and how
Roger A. Sheldon,Sander van Pelt +1 more
TL;DR: An overview of the why, what and how of enzyme immobilisation for use in biocatalysis is presented and emphasis is placed on relatively recent developments, such as the use of novel supports such as mesoporous silicas, hydrogels, and smart polymers, and cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs).