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Journal ArticleDOI

Recommendations for the design and analysis of epigenome-wide association studies

TLDR
Concepts for conducting a stringent and powerful EWAS are reviewed, including the choice of analyzed tissue, sources of variability and systematic biases, analytical solutions to EWAS-specific problems are outlined and caveats in interpretation of data generated from samples with cellular heterogeneity are highlighted.
Abstract
Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) hold promise for the detection of new regulatory mechanisms that may be susceptible to modification by environmental and lifestyle factors affecting susceptibility to disease. Epigenome-wide screening methods cover an increasing number of CpG sites, but the complexity of the data poses a challenge to separating robust signals from noise. Appropriate study design, a detailed a priori analysis plan and validation of results are essential to minimize the danger of false positive results and contribute to a unified approach. Epigenome-wide mapping studies in homogenous cell populations will inform our understanding of normal variation in the methylome that is not associated with disease or aging. Here we review concepts for conducting a stringent and powerful EWAS, including the choice of analyzed tissue, sources of variability and systematic biases, outline analytical solutions to EWAS-specific problems and highlight caveats in interpretation of data generated from samples with cellular heterogeneity.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Comprehensive analysis of DNA methylation data with RnBeads

TL;DR: RnBeads is a software tool for large-scale analysis and interpretation of DNA methylation data, providing a user-friendly analysis workflow that yields detailed hypertext reports (http://rnbeads.mpi-inf.mpg).
Journal ArticleDOI

Quantitative comparison of DNA methylation assays for biomarker development and clinical applications

TL;DR: The results of a community-wide benchmarking study comparing the performance of all widely used methods for DNA methylation analysis that are compatible with routine clinical use are described, with amplicon bisulfite sequencing and bisulfITE pyrosequencing showing the best all-round performance.
Book ChapterDOI

Integrative Analysis of Multi-omics Data for Discovery and Functional Studies of Complex Human Diseases

TL;DR: This work summarizes major omics approaches available in population research, and reviews integrative approaches and methodologies interrogating multiple omic layers, which enhance the gene discovery and functional analysis of human diseases.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Gene Ontology: tool for the unification of biology

TL;DR: The goal of the Gene Ontology Consortium is to produce a dynamic, controlled vocabulary that can be applied to all eukaryotes even as knowledge of gene and protein roles in cells is accumulating and changing.
Journal ArticleDOI

KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

TL;DR: The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) as discussed by the authors is a knowledge base for systematic analysis of gene functions in terms of the networks of genes and molecules.
Journal ArticleDOI

Linear Models and Empirical Bayes Methods for Assessing Differential Expression in Microarray Experiments

TL;DR: The hierarchical model of Lonnstedt and Speed (2002) is developed into a practical approach for general microarray experiments with arbitrary numbers of treatments and RNA samples and the moderated t-statistic is shown to follow a t-distribution with augmented degrees of freedom.
Journal ArticleDOI

Statistical significance for genomewide studies

TL;DR: This work proposes an approach to measuring statistical significance in genomewide studies based on the concept of the false discovery rate, which offers a sensible balance between the number of true and false positives that is automatically calibrated and easily interpreted.
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