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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Regeneration and experimental orthotopic transplantation of a bioengineered kidney

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TLDR
To regenerate functional tissue, rat kidney scaffolds are seeded with epithelial and endothelial cells and perfused these cell-seeded constructs in a whole-organ bioreactor, resulting in grafts that produced rudimentary urine in vitro when perfused through their intrinsic vascular bed.
Abstract
Approximately 100,000 individuals in the United States currently await kidney transplantation, and 400,000 individuals live with end-stage kidney disease requiring hemodialysis. The creation of a transplantable graft to permanently replace kidney function would address donor organ shortage and the morbidity associated with immunosuppression. Such a bioengineered graft must have the kidney's architecture and function and permit perfusion, filtration, secretion, absorption and drainage of urine. We decellularized rat, porcine and human kidneys by detergent perfusion, yielding acellular scaffolds with vascular, cortical and medullary architecture, a collecting system and ureters. To regenerate functional tissue, we seeded rat kidney scaffolds with epithelial and endothelial cells and perfused these cell-seeded constructs in a whole-organ bioreactor. The resulting grafts produced rudimentary urine in vitro when perfused through their intrinsic vascular bed. When transplanted in an orthotopic position in rat, the grafts were perfused by the recipient's circulation and produced urine through the ureteral conduit in vivo.

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Book ChapterDOI

Assessing and reconditioning kidneys using normothermic machine perfusion

TL;DR: The use of normothermic machine perfusion has been developed over the last few years for the preservation of abdominal and thoracic organs for transplantation Recent studies suggest that NMP may provide a superior alternative to standard hypothermic perfusion and cold storage for kidneys procured from donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI

Replacing renal function using bioengineered tissues

TL;DR: In this article , the authors outline key challenges in renal replacement and examine the clinical potential, current limitations and ethical considerations of bioengineering approaches aimed at replacing renal function, including kidney decellularization and recellularization, ex vivo kidney engineering, xenotransplantation, blastocyst complementation and kidneys derived from pluripotent stem cells.
Book ChapterDOI

Modulating Thymic Negative Selection with Bioengineered Thymus Organoids

TL;DR: In this paper, a tissue engineering technique was developed to reconstruct a functional thymus organoid by repopulating a decellularized version of the thymous scaffold with TECs and other thymic stromal cells.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Perfusion-decellularized matrix: using nature's platform to engineer a bioartificial heart

TL;DR: Eight constructs decellularized hearts by coronary perfusion with detergents, preserved the underlying extracellular matrix, and produced an acellular, perfusable vascular architecture, competent a cellular valves and intact chamber geometry that could generate pump function in a modified working heart preparation.
Journal ArticleDOI

Tissue-engineered autologous bladders for patients needing cystoplasty

TL;DR: Engineered bladder tissues, created with autologous cells seeded on collagen-polyglycolic acid scaffolds, and wrapped in omentum after implantation, can be used in patients who need cystoplasty.
Journal ArticleDOI

Regeneration and orthotopic transplantation of a bioartificial lung

TL;DR: Creation of a bioartificial lung requires engineering of viable lung architecture enabling ventilation, perfusion and gas exchange, and regenerated lungs into orthotopic position showed in vivo function.
Journal ArticleDOI

HLA-Mismatched Renal Transplantation without Maintenance Immunosuppression

TL;DR: Five patients with end-stage renal disease received combined bone marrow and kidney transplants from HLA single-haplotype mismatched living related donors, with the use of a nonmyeloablative preparative regimen, and it was possible to discontinue all immunosuppressive therapy 9 to 14 months after the transplantation.
Journal ArticleDOI

Organ engineering based on decellularized matrix scaffolds

TL;DR: A review summarizes achievements to date and discusses the role of native ECM scaffolds in organ regeneration, which provides a promising alternative to synthetic scaffolds and a foundation for regenerative efforts.
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