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Single-nanometer focusing of hard x-rays by Kirkpatrick–Baez mirrors

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TLDR
An at-wavelength wavefront error sensing method based on x-ray interferometry and an in situ phase compensator mirror, which adaptively deforms with nanometer precision, were developed to satisfy the Rayleigh criterion to achieve diffraction-limited focusing in a single-nanometer range.
Abstract
We have constructed an extremely precise optical system for hard-x-ray nanofocusing in a synchrotron radiation beamline. Precision multilayer mirrors were fabricated, tested, and employed as Kirkpatrick–Baez mirrors with a novel phase error compensator. In the phase compensator, an at-wavelength wavefront error sensing method based on x-ray interferometry and an in situ phase compensator mirror, which adaptively deforms with nanometer precision, were developed to satisfy the Rayleigh criterion to achieve diffraction-limited focusing in a single-nanometer range. The performance of the optics was tested at BL29XUL of SPring-8 and was confirmed to realize a spot size of approximately 7 nm.

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References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Phase retrieval algorithms: a comparison.

TL;DR: Iterative algorithms for phase retrieval from intensity data are compared to gradient search methods and it is shown that both the error-reduction algorithm for the problem of a single intensity measurement and the Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm forThe problem of two intensity measurements converge.
Journal ArticleDOI

Formation of Optical Images by X-Rays

TL;DR: Several conceivable methods for the formation of optical images by x-rays are considered, and a method employing concave mirrors is adopted as the most promising.
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Breaking the 10 nm barrier in hard-X-ray focusing

TL;DR: In this paper, an in situ technique that corrects for wavefront aberrations and allows X-rays to be focused to a spot just 7 nm wide could provide a solution.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nanometer linear focusing of hard x rays by a multilayer Laue lens.

TL;DR: A type of linear zone plate for nanometer-scale focusing of hard x rays, a multilayer Laue lens (MLL), produced by sectioning a multILayer and illuminating it in Laue diffraction geometry, indicates that focusing to 5 nm or smaller with high efficiency should be possible.
Journal ArticleDOI

X-ray holography

TL;DR: A review of holographic methods using hard x-rays is presented in this article, where the main emphasis is put on those techniques which aim to produce atomic resolution and its experimental realizations are discussed in detail.
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